The Decision Usefulness Of Comprehensive Income Reporting In Canada.

摘要

In this study, I empirically investigate the decision usefulness of mandatory reporting of comprehensive income in Canada under the erstwhile Accounting Handbook Section 1530 (HB1530). Comprehensive income (CI) equals the sum of Net Income (NI) and Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). I operationalize the concept of decision usefulness in two ways: (i) value relevance, and (ii) association with analysts' earnings forecasts.;As a theoretical framework, I draw upon Ohlson's (1999) discussion of the attributes of transitory earnings: forecasting irrelevance, unpredictability, and value irrelevance. Ohlson pointed out that the existence of any two attributes implies the third. That is, if an earnings item is irrelevant for forecasting future abnormal earnings, and if current numbers do not predict future ones (that is, if the earnings item is unpredictable), then it must be value irrelevant.;Drawing upon a sample of firms listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange, I employ a multivariate regression approach to test whether OCI and its individual components (namely, unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges - HEDGE, unrealized gains and losses on available for sale investments -- SEC, and foreign currency translation adjustment on foreign subsidiaries -- FOREX) possess forecasting relevance, predictability and value relevance. As a specification check, I also include a component of OCI under United States GAAP, minimum pension adjustment, PENADJ, to see if it possesses the same attributes as do components of OCI under HB1530. I also test for the association of OCI and its components with analysts' earnings forecasts.;I find that aggregate OCI and some of its individual components are relevant in forecasting future abnormal earnings, predictable, and incrementally value relevant. Aggregate OCI as well as some of its components are also able to predict future net income and operating cashflows. Aggregate OCI and some of its components are also significantly associated with analysts' earnings forecasts. Finally, some components of OCI are negatively significantly associated with analysts' forecast errors. These results suggest that Ohlson's (1999) description of transitory earnings might not apply to OCI, and that the reporting of comprehensive income in Canada did enhance the decision usefulness of accounting numbers.;Additional analyses establish that the results are robust to differences observed for size, industry and macro economic variables such as interest rates, exchange rates and the rate of GDP growth. A significantly negative bias is observed for the period of adoption, but this could be attributed to the economic recession of 2007-2008.