Flexible matrix composites: Dynamic characterization, modeling, and potential for driveshaft applications.

摘要

Flexible matrix composites (FMCs) utilize the high elongation capability of elastomers such as polyurethane to withstand large strains in the direction transverse to the fiber reinforcement while retaining strength and stiffness in the longitudinal direction. FMCs are highly anisotropic and can therefore be tailored to achieve distinctive mechanical characteristics that are difficult to obtain using conventional rigid matrix composites. In the current study, the potential of using an FMC to construct a flexurally-soft, torsionally-stiff driveshaft is examined. The FMC selected for the current investigation is a carbon fiber/polyurethane matrix material system. Both quasi-static and dynamic tests have been performed to characterize the properties of the FMC material. By modeling viscoelastic FMC lamina properties with a fractional derivative approach, a novel damping model that accounts for the frequency and temperature dependence of the FMC material is developed. This is the first time fractional derivative model has been applied to a fiber composite. Good agreement between the damping model and experimental data for angle-ply tubes was obtained. Based on the validated damping model, a self-heating model to predict the temperature increase caused by internal damping of a FMC shaft under misaligned rotation is also proposed. A laboratory-scale, misaligned FMC shaft rotation test stand was built to validate the proposed model. Good agreement is shown between the self-heating model predictions and experiment results. This model can be valuable in the selection of constituent materials for FMCs and also in the design of FMC shafts. Preliminary fatigue test results show that FMC materials have potentially good fatigue performance in shaft applications.