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Small-scale Fisheries and the Global Economy: Understanding Common-pool Resource Governance in the Context of Market Pressures, Neoliberal Policies, and Transnational Institutions.

机译:小型渔业和全球经济:在市场压力,新自由主义政策和跨国机构的背景下理解公共池塘资源治理。

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摘要

The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to a better understanding of how global seafood trade interacts with the governance of small-scale fisheries (SSFs). As global seafood trade expands, SSFs have the potential to experience significant economic, social, and political benefits from participation in export markets. At the same time, market connections that place increasing pressures on resources pose risks to both the ecological and social integrity of SSFs. This dissertation seeks to explore the factors that mediate between the potential benefits and risks of global seafood markets for SSFs, with the goal of developing hypotheses regarding these relationships.;The empirical investigation consists of a series of case studies from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. This is a particularly rich context in which to study global market connections with SSFs because the SSFs in this region engage in a variety of market-oriented harvests, most notably for octopus, groupers and snappers, lobster, and sea cucumber. Variation in market forms and the institutional diversity of local-level governance arrangements allows the dissertation to explore a number of examples.;The analysis is guided primarily by common-pool resource (CPR) theory because of the insights it provides regarding the conditions that facilitate collective action and the factors that promote long-lasting resource governance arrangements. Theory from institutional economics and political ecology contribute to the elaboration of a multi-faceted conceptualization of markets for CPR theory, with the aim of facilitating the identification of mechanisms through which markets and CPR governance actually interact. This dissertation conceptualizes markets as sets of institutions that structure the exchange of property rights over fisheries resources, affect the material incentives to harvest resources, and transmit ideas and values about fisheries resources and governance. .;The case studies explore four different mechanisms through which markets potentially influence resource governance: 1) Markets can contribute to costly resource governance activities by offsetting costs through profits, 2) markets can undermine resource governance by generating incentives for noncompliance and lead to overharvesting resources, 3) markets can increase the costs of resource governance, for example by augmenting monitoring and enforcement burdens, and 4) markets can alter values and norms underpinning resource governance by transmitting ideas between local resource users and a variety of market actors.;Data collected using participant observation, survey, informal and structured interviews contributed to the elaboration of the following hypotheses relevant to interactions between global seafood trade and SSFs governance. 1) Roll-back neoliberalization of fisheries policies has undermined cooperatives' ability to achieve financial success through engagement with markets and thus their potential role as key actors in resource governance (chapter two). 2) Different relations of production influence whether local governance institutions will erode or strengthen when faced with market pressures. In particular, relations of production in which fishers own their own means of production and share the collective costs of governance are more likely to strengthen resource governance while relations of production in which a single entrepreneur controls capital and access to the fishery are more likely to contribute to the erosion of resource governance institutions in the face of market pressures (chapter three). 3) By serving as a new discursive framework within which to conceive of and talk about fisheries resources, markets can influence norms and values that shape and constitute governance arrangements.;In sum, the dissertation demonstrates that global seafood trade manifests in a diversity of local forms and effects. Whether SSFs moderate risks and take advantage of benefits depends on a variety of factors, and resource users themselves have the potential to influence the outcomes of seafood market connections through local forms of collective action.
机译:本文的目的是有助于更好地了解全球海产品贸易如何与小规模渔业(SSF)的管理相互作用。随着全球海产品贸易的扩大,小规模渔业有潜力通过参与出口市场而获得重大的经济,社会和政治利益。同时,对资源施加越来越大压力的市场联系对小规模渔业的生态和社会完整性均构成风险。本文旨在探讨在全球海产品市场对小规模渔业的潜在利益和风险之间进行调解的因素,以期建立关于这些关系的假设。实证研究包括来自墨西哥尤卡坦半岛的一系列案例研究。这是研究与SSF的全球市场联系的特别丰富的背景,因为该地区的SSF从事各种以市场为导向的收获,最引人注目的是章鱼,石斑鱼和鲷鱼,龙虾和海参。市场形式的变化和地方治理安排的制度多样性使本文可以探索许多实例。由于主要是对公共资源的了解,该分析主要是基于公共资源理论的指导下进行的。集体行动以及促进长期资源治理安排的因素。来自制度经济学和政治生态学的理论有助于为心肺复苏理论建立多方面的市场概念化,目的是促进确定市场与心肺复苏管理实际相互作用的机制。本文将市场概念化为构成渔业资源产权交换,影响收获资源的物质动力以及传递有关渔业资源和治理的思想和价值的机构的集合。案例研究探讨了市场潜在影响资源治理的四种不同机制:1)市场可以通过利润抵消成本来为昂贵的资源治理活动做出贡献; 2)市场可以通过对违规行为进行激励来破坏资源治理并导致资源过度利用,3)市场可能会增加资源治理的成本,例如通过增加监视和执行负担,以及4)市场可以通过在本地资源用户和各种市场参与者之间传递思想来改变支撑资源治理的价值和规范。使用参与者的观察,调查,非正式和结构化访谈有助于详细阐述以下假设,这些假设与全球海产品贸易与小规模渔业的治理之间的相互作用有关。 1)渔业政策的新自由主义回滚削弱了合作社通过与市场接触而取得财务成功的能力,因而削弱了它们在资源治理中作为关键角色的潜在作用(第二章)。 2)不同的生产关系会影响地方治理机构在面对市场压力时是削弱还是加强。特别是,渔民拥有自己的生产资料并分担治理的集体成本的生产关系更有可能加强资源治理,而单个企业家控制资本和渔业准入的生产关系则更有可能作出贡献。面对市场压力对资源治理机构的侵蚀(第三章)。 3)通过作为构想和讨论渔业资源的新的话语框架,市场可以影响塑造和构成治理安排的规范和价值。总而言之,论文表明,全球海产品贸易体现在当地的多样性中。形式和效果。小规模渔业是否减轻风险并利用利益取决于多种因素,资源使用者本身有潜力通过当地形式的集体行动来影响海鲜市场联系的结果。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bennett, Abigail Elizabeth.;

  • 作者单位

    Duke University.;

  • 授予单位 Duke University.;
  • 学科 Natural resource management.;Political science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 165 p.
  • 总页数 165
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:39:55

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