从19世纪中期到20世纪的管理和管理教育的兴起和发展

摘要

When people compare the current situation. of China with that ofa-century-ago U.S.A., it can be surprisingly found many similarities:corporate structure adjustment, the start of the integration of massproduction and mass distribution, the spread of chain stores, and thetriggering merger & acquisition.Taking a glance of current America, the culture of free entrepreneurship,healthy law system, comprehensive intermediary agency service, multi-levelcapital market continue to serve as the drive to pull America economy out ofrecession. There are many differences, which are demonstrated as they areshown, between the two countries. What the thesis does here is to try to findout the origin of the management hierarchy and its concomitant product,management education.The thesis explores the origin and evolution of management education in thedevelopment of American business from mid 19<'th> century to 20<'th> century.And it set forth that the management education is the product of thedevelopment of American business, illustrating the origin of modernmanagerial enterprises from the first establishment of American big business-railroad in 1850s to expanding managerial enterprise in 1970s, and furtherassumes that the development of management is and will be shaped by thenew trends in American economy.In the late nineteenth century the management of business enterprise wasbeing recognized as a crucial factor in the national welfare and a demandingfunction for its practitioners. The concept of management as distinct careerof work and field of learning was emerging, and with it a new managerialclass within the social structure. As a consequence some universities andbusiness leaders saw the need for special kinds of education that were notprovided by the classical liberal arts and natural sciences programs. In 1881the university of Pennsylvania established the Wharton School ofCommerce and Finance. Gradually, more of the nation's most prestigiousuniversities - among them Harvard, Dartmouth, and the universities ofChicago and California - set up schools or courses of businessadministration to train managers.As the century moved on, major changes in structure and operations inbusiness trends, such as mergers and acquisitions, foreign ownership of U.S.business, globalization of business, the rise of entrepreneurship, growth ofthe service economy, the boom of computer technology etc., many criticsrevolution. Business schools have to respond to the changes by adjustingthemselves. The balancing of curriculum between depth and breadth of thecourses, the profile of the students/graduates, and the research/scholarshiptoward applied science more closely related with business community willbe examined in details to show the development of management education.And executive education program will be analyzed, as the typical exampleof business schools' strong commitment to meet corporate needs.The thesis aims to demonstrate the preposition that the managementeducation is the product of the development of American business, and thatits development is and will be shaped by the new trends in Americaneconomy. To achieve this end it focuses on the rise of modern businessenterprise and the emerging of preliminary management education. Thethesis also links the appearance of modern business enterprise andmanagement education by the interaction between them, thus further godeep end of impacts that business development gave on the evolution ofmanagement education in 20<'th> century.

目录

英文文摘

Acknowledgements

Key words

1. Introduction and Literature Review

1.1 General Description of the study and Organization of the thesis

1.2 Literature Review

2. The Managerial Revolution in American Business and Professionaliztion of Management

2.1 The railroads: The Nation's First Big Business

2.2 The Integration of Mass Production with Mass Distribution

2.3 The Expansion of The Managerial Enterprise

2.4 The Professionalization of Management

3. The Origin of Management Education and The theory of Knowledge-based economy

3.1 The History of Management Education

3.2 New Trends in American Economy

3.2.1 The theory of Knowledge-based economy

3.2.2 New Trends in American Economy

4. The Development of Management Education

4.1 Students/Graduates

4.2 The Curriculum Development

4.3 Research/Scholarship

4.4 Executive Development Program

5. Conclusion

6. References