基于LLC谐振与升压转换器的电动汽车无线充电研究

摘要

感应耦合电能传输(Inductive Coupling Power Transfer，ICPT)系统通过电磁感应在两个或者多个非物理连接的电子线圈之间进行能量传递，从低功率日常家电到大功率工业设备，这种系统均有广泛应用，如无线充电装置、医疗器械以及运输设备等。特别是当需要传输能量而物理连接比较危险，甚至不可能的时候，ICPT是一个极好的解决方案。近年来，电动汽车无线充电也有了一定的发展，但在充电效率和稳定性方面，仍有许多问题需要解决。本文在提高电动汽车的充电效率与充电过程可靠性等方面做了一些研究，主要工作如下:
　　1.在对ICPT技术和无线充电架构充分分析的基础上，将ICPT结构分解为系统框图、电力电子器件和控制方法等三部分来加以描述，通过实现变压器初级线圈和次级线圈的电容补偿，以降低VA额定值，从而提高LLC谐振电路的功率传输能力;
　　2.通过对多个补偿系统拓扑的实验结果进行分析，确定了串联-串联结构是电池充电应用的最佳匹配拓扑，同时引入升压转换器以实现谐振电路的高功率，此外，在输出端通过采用有源整流器以提高功率传输效率;
　　3.在对ICPT系统进行简化建模后，针对功率传输效率做了仿真实验，结果表明电力输送的总效率为90％以上，验证了所提方法的有效性。

目录

声明

摘要

ABSTRACT

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Introduction of Wireless Power Transfer System

1．1 Introduction

1．2 System description

1．2．1 Primary side power electronics

1．2．2 Secondary side power electronics with load including battery

1．2．3 Inductors(wireless inductive link)

1．2．4 Resonant Tuning topologies

1．2．5 LLC Resonant Circuit

1．3 Battery Management System(BMS)

1．3 Control Methodologies

1．4 Research Goals and Objectives

1．5 Structure of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Wireless Power Transfer Technology，and It’s Applications

2．1 Wireless Power Transfer for Low Power Applications

2．1．1 Biomedical Applications with Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)

2．1．2 Consumer Electronic Devices and Household Appliances

2．2 Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles

2．2．1 Wireless Charging for E-bike

2．3 Wireless Charging for Electric vehicles(Car，Buses，and Railways)

Chapter 3 Power Electronics Requirements

3．1 Introduction

3．2 Resonant Converter Topology for ICPT System

3．2．1 H-bridge Inverter

3．1．2 Zero Voltage Switching

3．3 Resonant Tank

3．3．1 Resonant Frequencies

3．3．2 High Frequency Isolation Transformer

3．4 Rectifier

3．4．1 Synchronous Rectification

3．5 LLC Control System

3．5．1 Variable Frequency Control

3．5．2 Pulse Width Modulation

3．6 Digital Control

3．6．1 Sampling Frequency Effects

3．6．2 The Design of Digital Control System

3．6．3 2-Pole-2-Zero Compensator

3．7 Control Method

3．8 Inductor Design

3．8．1 Coils

3．8．2 Ferrite

3．8．3 Aluminum

3．8．4 Design

Chapter 4 Wireless Power Transfer Simulations and Results

4．1 Proposed Control Technique

4．2 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

4．3 Boost Converter Analysis

4．3．1 Control of Boost Converter

4．3．2 Parasitical loss investigation in Boost Converter

4．3．3 Loss Compensation

4．3．4 Controller Design

4．4 LLC Converter Analysis

4．5 Theory of Operation

4．5．1 Region 1

4．5．2 Region 2

4．6 Simulation and Results

4．7 Comparison for Different ICPT Systems

4．8 Comparison of Wireless Charger Technologies

Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Work

5．1 Conclusions

5．2 Recommendations and Scope for Future Work

References

Acknowledgements