声明
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
摘要
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Chapter 1．Introduction
1．2．1 Research background
1．2．2 Research objective and significance
1．3 Importance of pomegranate peel in this research
1．4Innovation of this research
1．5 Dissertation arrangement
1．6 Topic resources and funding support of this research
Chapter 2． Literature Review
2．2 Emergence of phosphate in the environment
2．2．1Environmental impacts of phosphate in aqueous media
2．3 Phosphate removal technologies
2．3．1 Adsorption process
2．3．2Surface Interaction for adsorption
2．4 Boehm Titration
2．4．1 Quantification of oxygen groups
2．5 Ionic strength effects
2．6 Agriculture waste used as bio-host for phosphate removal
2．6． 1Pomegranate and its characteristics
2．7 Nanoparticles
2．7．1Lanthanum
2．7．2 Zirconium
2．7．3 Iron
2．7．4 Nickel
2．8 Phosphate removal by dual nanocomposites material-based adsorbents
2．10Phosphate removal by zirconium and lanthanum-based adsorbents
Chapter 3． Materials And Methods
3．1 Experimental reagents and instruments
3．1．1 Raw Materials
3．1．2 Experimental reagents
3．2 Preparation of bio-nanocomposites materials
3．2．4Fabrication of La/Peel bioadsorbent-single metal nanocomposite
3．3 Adsorption experiment
3．4 Boehm titration method
3．4．1 Calculations
3．5 Characterization of different types of biosorbents
3．5．2Fourier-transformed infrared spectra (FT-IR)
3．5．6 BET surface area
3．5．7 Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)
Chapter 4． Adsorptive Removal of Phosphate by the Bimetallic Hydroxide Nanocomposites Embedded in Pomegranate Peel
4．1 Introduction
4．2 Batch Adsorption tests
4．3Structural adsorbents characterizations
4．4 Kinetics adsorption
4．5 Influences of pH
4．7 Isothermal adsorption
4．8Infiuences of ionic strength and HA
4．9 Reusability of adsorbent
4．10 Summary
Cbapter 5． Highly Efficient Removal of Phosphate from Water Solution via Pomegranate Peel Co-Doping with Ferric Chloride and Lanthanum Hydroxide Nanocomposite Material
5．1 Introduction
5．2 Batch adsorption experiments
5．3 Characterization
5．3．1 XRD，SEM and BET determines
5．3．2 XPS analysis
5．3．3 FTIR and TGA analyses
5．4 Kinetics and isothermals measurement
5．5 Influences of solution pH
5．6 Influences of electrolytes
5．7 Adsorption mechanism
5．8．Regenerations of adsorbents(La/Peel and Fe-La/Peel)
5．9 Summary
CHAPTER 6．ENHANCED REMOVALS OF PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE USING POMEGRANATE PEEL MODIFIED MAGNETIC NICKEL/LANTHANUM METALS
6．1 Introduction
6．2 Experimental conditions and procedure
6．3 Results and discussions
6．3．1 XRD，SEM and BET characterizations
6．3．2XPS analysis
6．3．3 FTIR and TGA analyses
6．4 Kinetics adsorption
6．5 Isothermals adsorption of phosphate onto Ni-La@Peel
6．6 Influence of pH
6．7 Influence of electrolytes on phosphate uptake on Ni-La@Peel
6．8 Adsorption mechanism of Ni-La@Peel adsorbent
6．9 Reusability of Ni-La@Peel
6．10 Summary
Chapter 7．Conclusions，Innovations and Prospects
7．1 Conclusions
7．2 Innovations
7．3 Prospects
References
Acknowledgement
Publications
山东大学;
