Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background of Research
1.2 Purpose and Significance of Research
1.2.1 Purpose of Research
1.2.2 Significance of Research
1.3 Research Questions and Objectives
1.3.1 Research Objectives
1.3.2 Research Questions
1.4 Research Methodology
1.4.1 The Case Study
1.4.2 Research Design
1.4.3 Sampling Technique
1.4.4 Research Data Collection Procedures
1.4.5 Research Data Analysis and Presentation Procedures
1.5 Terminologies and Definitions
1.5.1 Slums
1.5.2 Slum Upgrading
1.6 Current State of Domestic and Foreign Research on Slum and Slum Upgrading
1.6.1 Foreign Literature Review on Slum and Slum Upgrading
1.6.2 Domestic Literature on Slum and Slum Upgrading
1.6.3 Brief Analysis of Literature Review
1.7 Scope of Research and Conceptual Framework
Chapter 2 Basis of Research
2.1 Urban Development and Slums
2.2 The Characteristics of Slums
2.2.1 Physical Characteristics of Slums
2.2.2 Economic Characteristics of Slums
2.2.3 Social Characteristics of Slums
2.2.4 Expansion of Slum Settlements
2.3 Slums in Africa and Its Characteristics
2.3.1 Physical Environment and Sanitation in Slums
2.3.2 Socio-Economic Characteristics
2.4 Global Slum Upgrading and Its Implications for Ghana
2.4.1 An Introduction to Slum Upgrading
2.4.2 Successful Slum Upgrading; Experiences and Lessons
2.4.3 Policy and Management of Slum Upgrading
2.4.4 Global Challenges of Slum Upgrading
2.4.5 Implications for Ghana’s Slum Upgrading Initiatives
2.5 Brief Chapter Summary
Chapter 3 Factors Contributing to Slum Development in Ghana and the Study Sites
3.1 Contributory Factors to Slum Development in Ghana
3.1.1 Affordable Housing in Ghana
3.1.2 Slum Emergence and Affordable Housing
3.1.3 Reasons for the Poor Impact of Affordable Housing
3.1.4 Background of Slums in Accra
3.1.5 Some Slums in Accra and Kumasi
3.2 Slum Upgrading Policies in Ghana
3.2.1 Slum Upgrading in Accra
3.2.2 Participatory Slum Upgrading
3.3 Background and Characteristics of Nima and Old Fadama
3.3.1 Background and Location of Nima
3.3.2 Characteristics of Nima as a Slum
3.3.3 Background and Location of Old Fadama
3.3.4 Characteristics of Old Fadama as a Slum
3.4 Brief Chapter Summary
Chapter 4 Slum Conditions in Nima and Old Fadama
4.1 The Built Environment
4.1.1 Housing Situation
4.1.2 Composition of Building Materials of Housing
4.1.3 Access to Portable Water
4.1.4 Availability of Toilet Facilities
4.1.5 Sanitation and Waste Management
4.1.6 Access to Light
4.1.7 Access to Health Facilities
4.2 Socio-Economic Conditions
4.2.1 Demographic Data
4.2.2 Economic Conditions
4.3 Factors Accounting for the Existing Conditions
4.3.1 Social Factors
4.3.2 Economic Factors
4.3.3 Physical Factors
4.4 Factors Influencing the Growth of Nima and Old Fadama
4.4.1 Migration
4.4.2 Reason (s) for Settling in Nima or Old Fadama
4.4.3 Uniqueness of Nima and Old Fadama
4.5 Slum Settlement Satisfaction
4.5.1 Slum Settlement Satisfaction
4.5.2 Slum Settlement Dissatisfaction
4.6 Brief Chapter Summary
Chapter 5 Main Factors of Upgrading in Nima and Old Fadama
5.1 Infrastructure Upgrading
5.1.1 Tenure Security
5.1.2 Water and Sanitation
5.1.3Access and Sustainable Management of Water and
5.1.4 Improvement of Environmental Sanitation
5.1.5 Housing Quality and Overcrowding
5.1.6 School and Hospital
5.2 Alternative Measures for Relocation
5.3 Prioritization of Infrastructure Needs
5.4 The Role of Government and NGOs in Slum Upgrading
5.5 Brief Chapter Summary
Chapter 6 Sustainable Slum Upgrading Planning, Policies and Strategies
6.1 Slum Upgrading Policies
6.1.1 Policy Framework for Slum Upgrading
6.1.2 The Five-Wheel Partnership Approach
6.2 The Components of Slum Upgrading
6.2.1 Social Strategies
6.2.2 Bottom-Up Approach
6.2.3 Top-Down Approach
6.2.4 Incremental Approach
6.3 Economic Strategies
6.3.1 Community-Based Development Fund
6.3.2 Neighborhood-Based Development Fund
6.3.3 National Funds
6.3.4 Public- Private Partnership
6.4 Environmental Strategies
6.4.1 Healthy Urban Planning
6.4.2 Spatial Equality and Zoning
6.4.3 National Zoning
6.5 Slum Prevention and Growth Strategies
6.5.1 Land Sharing and Tenure Innovations
6.5.2 Community Sensitization
6.5.3 Tenure Security
6.5.4 Migration Control
6.5.5 The “Special Community” Made Special
6.6 Brief Chapter Summary
Conclusions
致谢
Research Questionnaire on Major Slums in Accra
Papers published during the Ph.D. education
声明
Letter of Authorization
参考文献
Curriculum Vitae
哈尔滨工业大学;
