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联想策略训练对英语单词记忆的影响

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文摘

英文文摘

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Background

1.2 Research questions

1.3 Significance of the study

1.4 The organization of the thesis

Chapter 2 Literature review

2.1 Vocabulary learning strategies

2.2 Memory strategies

2.2.1 Definition of memory strategies

2.2.2 Classification of memory strategies

2.2.3 Empirical studies on memory strategies

2.2.4 Present research in China

2.2.5 Summary

2.3 Previous research on association strategies

2.3.1 Strategies directly named as “association strategies”

2.3.2 Strategies having the same essence as association strategies

2.3.3 Strategies named as “elaboration strategies”

2.3.4 Summary

2.4 The analytic framework of association strategies in this study

2.4.1 Definition of association strategies

2.4.2 Theoretical basis of association strategies

2.4.3 Classification of association strategies

2.4.4 Summary

2.5 Association strategy training

2.5.1 Necessity of strategy training

2.5.2 Association strategy training abroad and in China

2.6 Summary

Chapter 3 Research method

3.1 Research questions and hypotheses

3.1.1 Research questions

3.1.2 Hypotheses of the study

3.2 Subjects

3.3 Variables

3.4 Test instruments

3.5 Materials for strategy training

3.6 Procedures

3.6.1 Pretest

3.6.2 Strategy training

3.6.3 Posttest

3.6.4 Delayed posttest

Chapter 4 Results

4.1 Results of the pretest

4.1.1 The proficiency test

4.1.2 The pretest of word knowledge

4.1.3 The questionnaire

4.2 Results of the posttest

4.2.1 Six sub-tests

4.2.2 The overall posttest of word knowledge

4.2.3 The test of 10 difficult words

4.2.4 Strategy awareness

4.2.5 Interest and confidence in word memorization

4.3 Results of the delayed test

4.3.1 The overall delayed test of word knowledge

4.3.2 Differences between successful and unsuccessful learners

4.3.3 Results of the interview

Chapter 5 Discussion

5.1 The role of association strategies as a whole category

5.2 The role of six individual association strategies

5.3 Difference between successful and unsuccessful learners

5.4 Strategy awareness

5.5 Change of interest and confidence in vocabulary learning

Chapter 6 Conclusion

6.1 Major findings

6.2 Implications

6.2.1 Practical implications

6.2.2 Methodological implications

6.3 Limitations of the study

6.4 Recommendations for further research

Bibliography

Appendix 1: The proficiency test paper

Appendix 2: The questionnaire about MSs and attitudes toward word memorization

Appendix 3: The pretest paper of word knowledge

Appendix 4: The test paper of 500 words

Appendix 5: The sub-test papers of word knowledge

Appendix 6: The overall posttest paper of word knowledge

Appendix 7: The test paper of 10 difficult words

Appendix 8: The overall delayed test paper of word knowledge

Author's publication during the MEd program period

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摘要

该文以认知心理学、心理语言学为基础,运用实证研究的方法,对联想策略训练是否能有效地帮助英语词汇记忆进行了实验研究.联想策略的理论依据来自两个方面:一是线索-依存遗忘理论,二是加工水平假说.在纵观他们研究的基础上,该研究提出了联想策略的分析构架,包括英汉谐音联想、新旧单词联想、类似成对联想、形义联想、词缀联想和奇异联想六种子策略.联想策略的目的是在一个单词的词形、发音和意义之间建立联系,并且把该词和汉语或英语中的一个词或是和学习者的记忆中已经存在的某种经验结合起来,达到增强单词记忆的效果.研究采用实验研究的方法,以发现联想策略训练是否有助于单词的记忆.所研究的问题有:(1)联想策略是否能增强单词记忆的效果?(2)每个单项联想策略是否都能增强单词记忆的效果?(3)联想策略训练对学习成功者和不成功者在单词记忆上的影响效果是否相同?(4)联想策略训练是否能加强学生使用联想策略的意识?(5)联想策略训练是否能激发学生学习词汇的兴趣、增强学生的信心?该实验在浙江省的一所中等职业学校中进行,来自两个自然班的研究对象被分为实验组和对照组.该研究通过英语水平测试、词汇知识测试、调查问卷和访谈获取了所需的数据,用SPSS统计软件进行了数据分析.结果表明实验班学生通过联想策略训练之后,英语单词的记忆效果显著优于对照班学生,他们所接受的六个单项联想策略的训练,有五项均能增强记忆效果,只有词缀联想策略对单词记忆的效果不明显.该研究还发现英语学习成功者和不成功者都能从联想策略训练中受益,学习不成功者的进步幅度大于学习成功者.结果还表明联想策略训练能加强学生运用联想策略的意识,并且能激发学生学习英语词汇的兴趣、增强他们在学习中的信心.由引得到的实验结论是:联想策略训练可以提高中等职业学校学生英语词汇学习的效率.

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