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致使动词与致使结构——句法-语义接口研究

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上海交通大学学位论文原创性声明及版权使用授权书

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Objectives

1.3 Scope of Study

1.4 Organization of the Dissertation

Chapter 2 Review of Non-Syntactic Approaches to Argument Structure

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Theta-Role Approaches

2.2.1 Li's Theta-Identification Approach

2.2.2 Dowty's Proto-Role Approach

2.3 Aspectual Approaches

2.3.1 Grimshaw's Aspectual Hierarchy

2.3.2 Levin and Rappaport Hovav's Event Templates

2.4 Summery

Chapter 3 Framing Theoretical Framework

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Lexical Relational Structure

3.2.1 Hale and Keyser's Theory of Argument Structure

3.2.2 Implications of Hale and Keyser's Theory

3.2.3 Hale and Keyser at the Door of DM and Voice Hypothesis

3.3 Distributed Morphology

3.4 Voice Hypothesis

3.5 Localist Theory

3.6 The Present Framework

3.6.1 Flavors of v

3.6.2 Against BECOME in Causative Verbs

3.6.3 Characteristics of Event introducers

3.6.4 Event Types

3.6.5 Integrating Localist Theory

3.7 Summery

Chapter 4 Lexical Causatives

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Lexical Causative Verbs: An Overview

4.3 Transitive Denominal Verbs

4.3.1 Semantics of Denominal Verbs

4.3.2 Syntax of Denominal Verbs

4.3.3 Chinese Causative Denominal Verbs

4.4 Transitive De-adjectival Verbs

4.4.1 Semantics of De-adjectival Verbs

4.4.2 Chinese De-adjectival Verbs

4.4.3 Syntax of De-adjectival Verbs

4.5 Summery

Chapter 5 ObjExp Psych Verbs

5.1 Introduction

5.2 ObjExp Psych Verbs: An Overview

5.3 Semantics of ObjExp Psych Verbs

5.4 T/SM Restriction

5.5 Psych Verbs in Chinese

5.6 The Linking Problem and Suggested Proposals

5.6.1 Bellitti and Rizzi's Account and Problems

5.6.2 Pesetsky (1995)'s Account and Problems

5.6.3 Arad's (1998)Account and Problems

5.7 The Present Analysis

5.8 Summery

Chapter 6 Morphological Causatives

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Morphological Causatives: An Overview

6.2.1 -ize/-ify Derived Verbs

6.2.2 en-/be- Derived Verbs

6.2.3 -en Derived Verbs

6.3 Lexical Semantic Structures

6.3.1 Plag's Analysis

6.3.2 Lieber's Analysis

6.4 Affixes as Verbalizer of Delimitation

6.4 Deriving Argument Structure

6.4.1 Williams' (1981) Strong Lexicalist Approach and its Problems

6.4.2 Lieber's (1992) Weak Lexicalist Approach and its Problems

6.5 Syntactic Representation

6.5.1 Hale and Keyser's Analysis

6.5.2 The Present Analysis

6.6 Summery

Chapter 7 Complex Causatives

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Complex Causatives: An Overview

7.3 Types of Complex Causatives

7.3.1 The Caused Resultative Construction

7.3.2 The Caused-Motion Construction

7.3.3 The‘Time’ Away Construction

7.4 The Direct Object Restriction

7.5 Telicity of Complex Causatives

7.6 Similarity Between De-adjectival Verbs and Complex Causatives

7.6.1 Identical Structural Configurations

7.6.2 Stage Level Adjectives Only

7.6.3 The Direct Object Restriction

7.6.4 Impossibility of Co-occurrence with Goal Arguments

7.6.5 Adverbial Scope

7.7 Syntax of English Complex Causative Constructions

7.7.1 Folli and Ramchand's (2005) Analysis

7.7.2 Lin (2004)'s Analysis

7.8 Chinese Complex Causative Constructions

7.8.1 From V-O-V to V-V-O

7.8.2 Yafei Li's Lexical Approach

7.8.3 Syntactic Approach

7.9 Summery

Chapter 8 Conclusion

References

攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录

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摘要

本文探讨致使动词与结构的语义和句法,着重研究致使语义及相关论元在句法结构中如何体现和释解.基于句法.语义接口更为明晰无需额外规定的事件结构与句法结构直接对应论(Hale 和 Keyser 1993,1998;Kratzer 1996;Marantz 1997;Cuervo 2003;Lin 2004),本文认为有三类中心语负责引入事件和论元.这三个中心语是:小ν(引入事件)、Voice(引入外论元)和词根(引入补足语/内论元). 从句法的角度对事件(谓词)进行分解是纵贯全文的一个中心思想.该思想也见诸于为本文所采用的4个理论框架:以Hale和Keyser(1993)和Mateu(2002)为代表的词汇关系结构理论、以Halle和Marantz(1994)和Marantz(1997)为代表的分布形态学理论、以Kratzer(1994,1996)为代表的 Voice 假设和以Jackendoff (1972,1983,1990) 为代表的方位主义观.本文在综合这 4 家理论的基础上提出一个更为精细的理论模型,即 Kxatzer-Marantz 式动词结构模型.主要观点有:(1)动词所示的事件结构反映在句法中;(2)论元结构变化取决于事件中心语ν的类型;(3)动词(致使动词或非致使动词)在句法而非词库中通过合并而生成. 本文的另一个重要观点是认为动词本身并不携带一个完整的词汇语义和句法结构,相反,动词的意义是由一个语类未定的词根与一个(或几个)决定事件类型的动词性中心语(小ν)合并产生.动词的语义分布在显性词素(如词根、词缀)和隐性词素(如抽象的功能语类)上.无论是单语素动词还是复合动词,其意义需参照整个句法推导过程方能计算出来.这在汉语 V-V 型复合动词中表现得最为明显,如

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