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Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 What Are Definite NPs
1.1. Brief Introduction
1.2. Definiteness versus Indefiniteness
1.3.What Are Definite NPs
1.4. Uniqueness of Definite NPs
1.5.Familiarity and Identifiability of Definite NPs
Chapter 2 Reference versus Anaphora
2.1. Brief Introduction
2.2. Reference versus Anaphora: Traditional Approaches to Definite NPs
2.2.1. Quirk et al's Classification of Uses of Definite NPs
2.2.2. Referential Versus Anaphoric Uses of Definite Descriptions
2.3. Typologies of Anaphora
2.4. Typologies of Reference
Chapter 3. Referential Use of Definite NPs and Its Cognitive Resolution
3.1. Brief Introduction
3.2.What Is Mental Space Theory
3.2.1. The Cognitive Nature of Mental Space Theory
3.2.2. Some Basic Concepts
3.3. Figurative Referring Expre. ssions and Their Cognitive Resolution
3.3.1. Metaphors As Referring Expressions and their Interpretation In the Perspective of Mental Space Theory
3.3.2. Metonymy and Synecdoche As Referring Expressions and their Interpretation In the Perspective of Mental Space Theory
3.3.3. An ICM Approach to Metonymy and Synecdoche
3.4. Sporadic Reference and Its Cognitive Resolution
3.4.1. Sporadic Reference Viewed from the Mental Space Theory
3.4.2. Sporadic Reference and Other Uses Viewed from the Ground Theory
3.5. Referential Transparency versus Opacity and Their Cognitive Resolution
3.5.1. Definitions of Referential Transparency and Referential Opacity
3.5.2. Referential Transparency versus Opacity in the Perspective of Mental Space Theory
Chapter 4 Anaphoric Use of Definite Nominal Expressions and Its Cognitive Resolution
4.1. Brief Introduction
4.2. Pure Grammatical Approaches
4.2.1. Chomsky's Approach: the Binding Principles
4.2.2. Revision of Chomsky's Approach: the Four-Constraint Edition
4.2.3. Comments on the Pure Grammatical Approach
4.3. Pragmatic Approaches to Anaphoric Relations
4.3.1. Grice's Maxim of Quantity and Its Transition to Levinson's Neo-Gricean Principles
4.3.2. The Working Mechanism of Neo-Gricean Principles in Interpreting Anaphoric Relations
4.3.3. Comments on the Pragmatic Approaches
4.4. Cognitive Approaches to Anaphoric Relations
4.4.1. Direct Anaphoric Relation and Ariel's and Gundel et al's Cognitive Approaches
4.4.2. Indirect Anaphoric Relation and Its Cognitive Resolution
4.4.3. Direct Anaphoric Relation in the Perspective of Frame, Script, and Scenario
4.4.4. Comments on the Cognitive Approaches
Chapter 5 Referential Uses Versus Attributive Uses:an Introduction to the Theory of Description
5.1. Brief Introduction
5.2. What is the Theory of Description
5.2.1. Russell's Theory of Description
5.2.2. Strawson's and Donnellan's Theories of Descriptions
5.3. Figure-Ground Theory and Its Interpretation of Russell's Theory of Description
5.3.1. What Is Figure-Ground Theory
5.3.2. An Interpretation of Russell's Theory of Description In the Perspective of Figure-Ground Theory
Chapter 6 Cognitive Domain Model: an Introduction
6.1. Brief Introduction
6.2. What Is Cognitive Domain
6.2.1. The Two Forms of Cognitive Domain
6.2.2. The Three Realizations of Cognitive Domain
6.3. Comparison Between Cognitive Domain and Relevant Concepts
6.3.1. Domain/Element Distinction Versus Role/Value Distinction
6.3.2. Domain/Element Distinction Versus Attributive/Referential Uses
6.4. Partitioning of Domains
6.4.1. Partitioning of Cognitive Domains By Means of Encyclopedic Knowledge
6.4.2. Partitioning of Cognitive Domains By Means of Textual information
6.4.3. Partitioning of Cognitive Domains By Means of Perceptual Knowledge
6.5. The Profiling of an Element Within a Cognitive Domain
6.5.1. Encyclopedic Knowledge Bringing One Element Of a Domain Into Salience
6.5.2. Textual Information Bringing One Element Of a Domain Into Salience
6.5.3. Perceptual Knowledge Bringing One Element Of a Domain Into Salience
Chapter 7 Reference Resolution of Definite NPs and Other Referring Expressions in the Perspective of Cohnitive Domain Model
7.1. Brief Introduction
7.2. The Cognitive Domain Model
7.3. Reference Resolution of Indefinite NPs Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.3.1. Underspecified Cognitive Domain for the Reference Resolution of Indefinite NP
7.3.2. Interpretive Cognitive Domains of Indefinite NPs and the Upshifting of Reference
7.3.3. Non-Correspondence of Salient Elements Between the Under- specified Cognitive Domain and the Interpretive Cognitive Domain
7.4. Reference Resolution of Definite Descriptions Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.4.1. Underspecified Cognitive Domain for the Reference Resolution of Definite Descriptions
7.4.2. Reference Resolution of Definite Descriptions in the Perspective of Cognitive Domain Model
7.4.3. Non-Correspondence of Salient Elements Between the Under- specified Cognitive Domain and the Interpretive Cognitive Domain
7.5. Reference Resolution of Personal Pronouns Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.6. Reference Resolution of Possessive Pronouns and Reflexive Pronouns Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.7. Demonstrative NP
7.8. Reference Resolution of Proper Names Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.9. Reference Resolution of Zero Pronouns Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.10. Reference Resolution of Relative Pronouns and Relative Adverbs Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.11. Reference Resolution of Interrogative Pronouns and Interrogative Adverbs Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.12. Reference Resolution of Pronominal Adverbs Within the Cognitive Domain Model
7.13. The Theory of Description: An Interpretation In the Perspective of Cognitive Domain Model
7.13.1. Interpretation of Russell's Theory of Description In the Perspective of Cognitive Domain Model
7.13.2. A Comparison Of Russell's, Strawson's and Donnellan's Theories in the Perspective of Cognitive Domain Model
Chapter 8 Conclusion
Bibliography
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