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常规及特种有杆泵生产过程模拟研究

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目录

声明

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objectives and significance of the Research

1.2State of the Art

1.2.1Research status

1.2.2Models to Calculate Efficiency of pump

1.2.3Simulation models

1.3Research contents

(5) Numerical simulation of fluid flow through gas pouch pumps

(6) Analytical model to calculate efficiency of gas pouch pump

(7) Simulation of force acting on hydraulic feedback pump

CHAPTER 2ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL AND SPECIAL ROD PUMP WORKING PROCESS

2.1Working process of conventional rod pump

2.2Volumetric efficiency of conventional rod pump

2.2.1 Single phase (liquid) production

2.2.2Gassy production

2.2.3 Displacement pump efficiency

2.3Factors affecting volumetric efficiency

2.4Detection of common pump problems

2.4.1 Incomplete fill up factor

2.4.2 Fluid pound

2.4.3 Pump off

2.4.4 Starved pump (restricted intake)

2.4.5 Gas pound

2.4.6 Gas lock

2.4.7 Sand problem

2.5Structure and working process of special rod pumps

2.5.1 Anti gas pumps

2.5.2 Heavy oil pumps

2.6Models of different researchers for conventional rod pump

2.6.1 A.L. Podio model

2.6.2E.J.Dottore model

2.6.3Haiwen Wang model

2.6.4Summary

CHAPTER 3 IMPROVED MODEL TO FORECAST GAS LOCKIN CONVENTIONAL PUMP

3.1Effect of gas on efficiency

3.1.1 Impact of formation pressure

3.1.2Impact of pump pressure

3.2 Gas locking mechanism

3.3Effect of dead space / clearance volume on gas lock

3.4Types of gas lock

3.4.1Type 1

3.4.2Type 2

3.5Gas lock symptoms

3.6Previous model of gas lock

3.6.1Conventional model of gas lock

3.6.2Podio model for gas lock

3.7Improvedmodel for gas lockprediction in conventional rod pump

3.8 Sensitivity analysis

3.9 Comparative analysis

3.10 Summary

CHAPTER 4 IMPROVED MODELTO CALCULATE EFFICIENCY OF CONVENTIONAL ROD PUMP

4.1 Structure of conventional rod pump

4.2 Production process of conventional rod pump

4.3 Effect of incomplete barrel fillage on pumpefficiency

4.4Analytical modelling to calculate efficiency of conventional rod pump

4.5Sensitivity analysis

4.5.1 Effect of discharge pressure

4.5.2 Effect of solution gas oil ratio

4.5.3 Effect of intake pressure

4.6 Comparative analysis

4.6.1 Discharge pressure

4.6.2 Solution gas oil ratio

4.6.3 Intake pressure

4.7 Comparative study of models

4.8Summary

CHAPTER 5 NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELLING OF GAS POUCH PUMP

5.1 Numerical research

5.1.1 Introduction to software

5.1.2 Application benefits

5.1.3Structureof gas pouch pump

5.1.4Working process of gas pouch pump

5.1.5Numerical simulation

5.1.6Result

5.2Analytical research

5.2.1Analytical modelling to calculate efficiency of gas pouch pump

5.2.2 Modelling for effective hazard of gas in gas pouch rod pump

5.3Sensitivity analysis

5.3.1 Effect of discharge pressure

5.3.2 Effect of solution gas oil ratio

5.3.3 Effect of intake pressure

5.4 Comparative analysis

5.4.1 Effect of discharge pressure

5.3.2 Effect of solution gas oil ratio

5.3.3 Effect of intake pressure

5.8Summary

CHAPTER 6 FORCE ANALYSISOF HYDRAULIC FEEDBACK PUMP

6.1 Structure

6.2 Working process

6.3 Versatile property of hydraulic feedback pump

6.4 Force analysis of hydraulic feedback pump

6.4.1Up stroke

6.4.2 Down stroke

6.5 Comparative analysis of forces

6.7 Sensitivity analysis

6.7.1Effect of density

6.7.2Effect of depth

6.6 Summary

CONCLUSION

参考文献

致谢

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摘要

常规有杆泵采油是人工举升系统中应用最为广泛的方法。气体影响和稠油将导致有杆泵生产系统的效率降低,该问题是全世界石油技术人员的关注要点。尽管可采用特种有杆泵来解决以上问题,但目前很多与之相关的技术难题仍未被深入理解。因而有必要对特种有杆泵进行研究以降低采油成本。 存在气体的情况下,泵的性能将会降低,在极端情况下,将会发生泵的“气锁”现象并导致抽油泵完全瘫痪。本文采用文献中现有的常规有杆泵泵效模型来分析影响泵效的关键参数。论文分析了泵内压力低于饱和压力后溶解气的析出过程,在此基础上修正了“气锁”预测模型。同时,也建立了考虑溶解气析出的常规有杆泵泵效模型。 特种有杆泵(气囊泵和液压反馈泵)的模拟有助于预测其在高气油比井和稠油井中的工作特性。由于物理结构的差别,特种有杆泵具有与常规泵不同的工作原理。特种泵工作机理的研究有助于分析流体物性和泵结构对泵工作效果的影响。本研究立足于建立特种有杆泵中抽油泵压力与流体参数的相关模型。论文采用计算流体力学(CFD)软件Fluent完成气囊泵工作过程的数值模拟,并分析了泵生产过程中的流体的流动特征。基于气体进入气囊过程分析,建立了气囊泵的泵效计算解析模型。计算结果表明,气囊泵的效率大于常规泵。基于力学分析,建立了用于稠油生产液压反馈泵的力学分析模型,液压反馈泵所产生的液压反馈力将有助于提高稠油生产过程中的工作效率,并使该泵的生产成本降低。

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