美国两党有关移民话题的架构对比分析——以Bush和Obama的移民演讲为例

摘要

政治与语言密切相关，政治语言一直备受语言学界关注。近年来，认知语言学的兴起和快速发展更是为政治语言的解读提供了新的视角。在美国，移民是个颇有争议的话题。共和党和民主党为了推行各自的政策发表了诸多言论。因此，本文选取共和党和民主党有关移民的演讲进行认知分析。
　　本文在认知语言学框架下，在Lakoff的概念隐喻及架构理论的指导下，以小布什及奥巴马分别为共和党和民主党代表，选取他们在各自执政期内移民话题的演讲及辩词为语料。小布什移民演讲词10篇，共35126个单词;奥巴马移民演讲词7篇，共19171个单词。依据AntConc的词频统计，分析两党话语各自激活的架构和其中的隐喻表达，并将其进行对比，探讨两党架构的异同之处，从而揭示共和党和民主党同一套价值体系下核心价值观、道德模式的差异。
　　研究结果表明，两党讨论同一套价值准则，所持观点却大相径庭。共和党的隐喻架构于“严父模式”之上，主要架构有罪犯架构、安全架构、不诚实的工人架构，他们多年实行严打非法移民，强调应着重加强边境安全;民主党则为“慈父模式”，主要架构有美国梦架构，推动力架构及精明的商人架构等，主张抱着宽容接纳的心态，进行全面移民改革，重点解决境内非法移民身份问题。美国两党通过不同的概念隐喻和架构建立各自的世界观并将其政治思想传递给公众，有效地控制了社会价值导向和舆论导向。

目录

声明

摘要

Abstract

List of Tables

Contents

Chapter One Introduction

1．1 Background of the Research

1．2 Purpose and Significance of the Research

1．3 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter Two Literature Review

2．1 Definition of political discourses

2．2 Previous Studies on political discourses Analysis Abroad

2．2．1 The Perspective of Rhetoric

2．2．2 The Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis

2．2．3 The Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

2．3 Previous Studies on political discourses Analysis at Home

2．3．1 The Perspective of Rhetoric

2．3．2 The Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis

2．3．3 The Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

Chapter Three Theoretical Framework

3．1 Conceptual Metaphor Theory

3．2 Lakoff’s Framing Theory

Chapter Four Research Design

4．1 Research Questions

4．2 Research Methodology and Data Collection

4．2．1 Research Methodology

4．2．2 Data Collection

Chapter Five An Analysis of Frames in Bush’s and Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．1 An Analysis of Frames in Bush’s and Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Isue

5．1．1 Frames in Bush’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．1．2 Frames in Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．2 A Contrastive Analysis of Frames in Bush’s and Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．2．1 Similarities of Frames between Bush’s and Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．2．2 Differences of Frames between Bush’s and Obama’s Speeches on Immigration Issue

5．3 Summary

Chapter Six Conclusion

6．1 Major Findings

6．2 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Studies

Bibliography

Acknowledgements