声明
Abstract
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview and Motivation
1.2 Tissue Engineering
1.3 The Prospects of Tissue Engineering
1.4 Cardiac Tissue Engineering
1.5 Approaches to Cardiac Tissue Engineering
1.6 Cell Sources
1.6.1 Mature Cells
1.6.2 Stem Cells,Progenitor CellS and Induced Pluripotent Stem(iPS)Cells
1.7 Seaffolds
1.7.1 Conductive Scaffolds
1.8 Biophysical signals
1.9 Electrical Stimulation of Engineered Cardiac Tissue
1.10 Electrical stimulation promotes cardiac differentiation
Chapter 2 A simple and versatile electrical stimulation system for cardiomyocytes
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials and Methods
2.2.1 Electrical Stimulation Platform
2.2.2 Electrode Blocks
2.2.3 Electrical Stimulation and Monitoring
2.2.4 Cell Culture
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Clean Electrical Stimulation Setup
2.3.2 Cell Morphology
2.3.4 Cell Electrical Stimulation and Monitoring
2.3.5 Inexpensive and Reliable Electrical Stimulation System
2.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 3 Assessment tools for cardiomyocyte contraction using image processing:moments based measurements
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methods and Materials
3.2.1 Software
3.2.2 Phantom Design
3.2.3 Beating Cardiomyocytes Imaging
3.2.4 Programs
3.3 Algorithm Description
3.3.1 Moments
4.2.2 Digital Video Processing
3.4 Comparison between Zeroth Order Moment and Centroid(with First 0rder Moment)
3.4.1 Phantom Video Analysis
4.4.2 Beating Cells Video Analysis
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 Effects of electrical stimulation on cardiac cells
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials
4.2.1 Reagents
4.2.2 Equipment/Apparatus Manufacturer
4.2.3 Software
4.3 Methods
4.3.1 Modified Tyrode's Solution
4.3.2 Hanks Buffered Salt Solution(HBSS)
4.3.3 Phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)
4.3.4 Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)Stamps
4.3.5 Gelatin and Gelatin/Graphene Oxide (GO)Scaffolds
4.3.6 Poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)Scaffolds
4.3.7 H9c2 Cell Culture
4.3.8 Ventricular Cardiomyoctes Culture
4.3.9 Electrical Stimulation of Cells
4.3.10 Cover Slip Cleaning
4.3.12 Cell Viability
4.3.13 Live/dead Stain
4.3.14 Intracellular Calcium Measurements in H9c2 Cells
4.3.15 Intracellular Calcium Measurements in Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
4.4 Results
4.4.1 Cell Morphology
4.4.2 Cell viability
4.4.3 Calcium Fluorescence in H9c2 Cells
4.4.4 Calcium Transients in Cardiomyocytes
4.4.5 Beating measurements
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Trends in Cardiac Tissue Engineering
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Deceilurization and Re-perfusion of Cadaveric Hearts
5.3 Heart on Chip
References
Acknowledgements