“小红帽”的四张面孔——不同时代和文化下《小红帽》故事的比较

摘要

Little Red Riding Hood is one of the most familiar and popular bedtime fairytales in theworld. It is a wonder that such a simple fairytale has been handed down for more than threehundred years and appears in more than one hundred versions. Based on the theory ofarchetypal criticism, this paper compares and analyses the four influential and wide-spreadversions of Little Red Riding Hood. In addition to exploring the psychological andenvironmental factors which drove primitive man to create this type of story, this paper alsodiscusses the core content and conflicts as well as the process and cause of the story'sdisplacement. The common cultural and psychological connotations existing in both theEastern and Western archetypes are revealed and the moral and scope conveyed by thedifferent authors from different times and cultural backgrounds are examined.
　　 The thesis is divided into three chapters. The introduction briefly presents the tale of LittleRed Riding Hood in its Chinese, French, German, and English versions, and demonstrates theapplicability of archetypal criticism to the story. The first chapter compares and summarizesthe types of the Chinese folklore Grandmother Wolf(Tiger), and concludes that it originatedfrom the tale of man-devouring ghosts. After tracing the story back to the primitive myth ofsunset, the archetype of the tale and the process of its displacement in Western countries isexplored. The second chapter discusses the similar traits of the opposing characters in the fourstories and the similar symbolic meanings of the various images, and summarizes the similarplot points and structures in the different versions. With the application of archetypal criticism,the contributing causes of the production and displacement of the tale are analyzed. The thirdchapter, by contrasting and analyzing the archetypal characters, ending, and metaphoricalmeaning of the tale in four versions respectively, demonstrates the causes of displacement inrelation to the times and the instruction functions the authors conveyed, and discussed theopposition and compromise of the heterosexual relationship in different times. The conclusionsummarizes the whole thesis: the Chinese Grandmother Tiger developed mainly following theideas of karma in Chinese traditional Culture, aiming at setting a wise and brave model forchildren. The Western Little Red Riding Hood developed mainly according to the taste of theaudience and the heterosexual relationship dyn.am~c~ of the times. Perrault's Little Red RidingHood was a tale for adults, disseminated through the upper-class salons, which warned younggirls to beware of seducers. The Brothers Grimm revised it as a fairytale conforming to theview of Victorian families and a middle-class audience, to teach the children to be obedient.Angela Carter's adaptation challenged the traditional meaning of fairytales and claimed equalfights for women from the feminist angle after illustrating the new heterosexual relationship.However the Little Red Riding Hood story develops, its core has never changed. As aninstance of Jung's

目录

文摘

英文文摘

声明

Introduction

Chapter Ⅰ Archetypes of Chinese Grandmother Wolf and Western Little Red Riding Hood and their development

1.1 Archetypes and the Development of Chinese Grandmother Wolf

1.2 Archetypes and the Development of the Western Little Red Riding Hood

1.3 The Archetypes and its Development of the feminist Little Red Riding Hood

Chapter Ⅱ The similarities of the four versions and the contributing causes of the similar archetypes

2.1 The similar traits of the characters in the four stories and symbolic meanings of the various images

2.2 The similar plots and conflicts in the four stories

2.3 The contributing cause of the similar archetypes in different times and culture

Chapter Ⅲ The differences between the four versions and the contributing causes of the displacement of archetypes

3.1 The different depictions of the same archetypal characters and the contributing causes thereof

3.2 The different endings in the four versions and the contributing causes thereof

3.3 The different metaphorical meanings in the four versions and the contributing causes thereof

Conclusion

Bibliography

Acknowledgements