International Trade, Environmental Issues and the Impact on Sustainability of Shrimp Culture in Thailand

摘要

The rapid expansion of shrimp farming, induced by new technologies such as formulated feed and hatchery production of shrimp seed, has led to dramatic changes in coastal resource utilisation. These can be categorised by changes such as the conversion of rice fields, salt farms and other coastal land uses to shrimp farms, decline in mangrove forest, coastal water pollution and a rise in new businesses associated with shrimp farming (e.g. feed, chemicals, cold storage, shrimp export industry networks etc). There has been an increase in contract farming involving large private enterprises in association with a large number of small-scale shrimp farmers.