Synthesis of Carbide Ceramics via Reduction of Adsorbed Anions on an Activated Carbon Matrix

摘要

Current commercial processes for producing ceramic carbides require temperatures of 1400-2000 ℃ and often use extensive milling operations to produce a powder product. A process that could reduce the energy requirements of commercial carbide production could allow for these materials to be implemented in a greater number of applications. In this study, tungstate (WO_4~(2-)) and silicate (SiO_3~(2-)) anions were adsorbed onto activated carbon and converted into silicon carbide (SiC) whiskers and a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide (W/WC) crystals via carbothermal reduction using inert and reducing gas atmospheres at temperatures much lower than what is required by current commercial processes (950 ℃ for WAVC/W_2C and 1200 ℃ for SiC). The adsorption process was statistically-optimized via a central composite response surface analysis using DesignExpert 9. Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to measure, and optimize, adsorption efficiency while the carburization products were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.