Performance of Linear and Non-Linear Texture Measures in 2D and 3D for Monitoring Architectural Changes in Osteoporosis Using Computer-Generated Models of Trabecular Bone

摘要

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease leading to de-mineralization and increased risk offracture. The two major factors that determine the biomechanical competence of bone are thedegree of mineralization and the micro-architectural integrity.Today, modern imaging modalities (high resolution MRI, micro-CT) are capable of depictingstructural details of trabecular bone tissue.From the image data, structural properties obtained by quantitative measures are analysedwith respect to the presence of osteoporotic fractures of the spine (in-vivo) or correlated withbiomechanical strength as derived from destructive testing (in-vitro). Fairly well establishedare linear structural measures in 2D that are originally adopted from standard histomorphometry.Recently, non-linear techniques in 2D and 3D based on the scaling index method (SIM), thestandard Hough transform (SHT), and the Minkowski Functionals (MF) have beenintroduced, which show excellent performance in predicting bone strength and fracture risk.