Explosion hazard to buildings and design load parameters

摘要

The paper deals with the effect of explosions on building structures. The term hazard is defined as a source of danger. The sources of these effects may include blasting operations in a quarry, a dust explosion close to a pipeline or reservoir crack in a chemical plant or oil refinery, a collision of cistern vehicles in road or rail transport, a terrorist attack or an explosion of explosive or inflammable gas or dust clouds in the vicinity of the assessed structure. The risk of these explosions is explained by the examination of a nuclear reactor structure. First, information on the potential sources of danger is collected from the area from a diameter 10 km area around the assessed structure and the maximum quantities of explosive materials are determined. Then the design load parameters for the concrete nuclear plant are given, related to the quantities and kinds of explosives. The dominant explosion effect on a building structure is defined as the history of (a) propagating loading air pressure wave of maximum intensity caused by dust clouds or (b) seismic effect produced by ground vibrations. The results of the analysis are simplified criteria for the failure of the assess structure and the permissible limit response characteristics determined by a 3D analysis of the structure.