Application of optical controlling methodsfor plants under external influence

摘要

The experimental study results of spectral characteristic change of different types of plants influenced by externalfactors (synthetic superficially active substances, salts of heavy metals and nitrate fertilizers) are presented. Differentialoptical factor was used as the monitored optical parameter that characterizes the chlorophyll concentration change. Thedifferential backscatter method which has high test-sensitivity and provides with the most complete information on theplant condition was the main optical monitoring method. For understanding the mechanisms of external factor accumulationand influence on plants the confocal fluorescent microscopy method providing contrast micrographs of high resolutionwas used for microscopic analysis in the study.It was revealed that synthetic superficially active substances and heavy metal presence lead to quasilinear decreaseof differential backscatter factor with time. It was shown that the presence of salts of heavy metals in a water solutionleads to chlorophyll "binding" which is microscopically shown as their «adhesion» near the cell membranes. On thecontrary, the presence of synthetic superficially active substances maintains the uniformity of chlorophyll distribution ina cell, but its concentration falls with increasing the concentration in a major emission. The latter depends on the fact thatsynthetic superficially active substances solubilize the cell membrane proteins, increasing its penetrability. It causespigment release ("washing away") from a plant, thereby leading to differential optical factor change.It was shown that nitrate fertilizer presence leads to increase of differential backscatter factor with time which ismicroscopically connected to increase in chlorophyll concentration.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.