Carbon Dioxide-Selective Facilitated Transport Membranes for Hydrogen Purification

摘要

This review covers carbon dioxide- and hydrogen sulfide-selective facilitated transport membranes for applications of low-pressure hydrogen purification for fuel cells and high-pressure hydrogen purification for refining and petrochemical industries. We have synthesized new carbon dioxide- and hydrogen sulfide-selective facilitated transport polymeric membranes containing amino groups with high carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide permeabilities and selectivities vs. hydrogen or carbon monoxide. This type of membranes has the potential for hydrogen purification for environmentally friendly fuel cells, including the use of the membrane in the membrane reactor configuration to enhance water gas shift reaction. At high feed gas pressures, the membranes showed reduced separation performance compared to that at low feed gas pressures, due to the typical carrier satuation phenomenon. However, the membranes still showed a carbon dioxide selectivity vs. hydrogen greater than 50 and a carbon dioxide permeability greater than 1000 Barrers (1 Barrer = 10~(-10) cm~3 (STP) · cm / (cm~2 · s · cmHg)) at a carbon dioxide feed partial pressure of 44 psia, which is very desirable for refining and petrochemical applications.