Evaluating Environmental Effects of Oil Spills by Simulating the Behavior and Spreading of Oil on the Sea Surface

摘要

The most dangerous consequence of emergency situations, which occur during construction and operation of different structures designed for development of oil fields on marine shelf are oil spills. The problems of assessment of environmental impact, caused by oil spills, on sea and coastline are considered in this paper. Specialty of this study is necessary to analyze many possible situations and conditions which accompany the accident and the subsequent oil spill spreading, including the varying weather conditions. For this purpose it is expedient to use the computer simulation of behavior and spreading of spilled oil on the sea surface and apply the special criterion - Impact-factor that allows one to evaluate the probability of each situation realization cumulatively with its environmental effect, and then to compare adequately all reviewed scenarios.