Climate Change Impacts on Photovoltaics, Solar Thermal Energy, Transparent Insulation and Energy Demand in the Building Sector

摘要

The impact of climate change on the energy demand of buildings is significantly higher than on solarrntechnologies discussed in this paper (photovoltaic, solar thermal and transparent insulation material systems).rnOn the one hand the heating energy demand will decrease by about 15% and on the other hand the coolingrnenergy demand will increase by about 50%.rnAmong the solar energy conversion technologies, solar thermal systems will benefit the most, since they arernpositively influenced by increasing temperatures as well as increasing global radiation. The latter has arnpositive effect on photovoltaic (PV) systems either, which results even in a net profit considering thernnegatively influenced efficiency by higher air temperatures. The energy gains of transparent insulationrnmaterial (TIM) systems are similar affected compared to PV systems. However, the useable thermal heatrngains will only slightly increase due to shorter heating periods in the future.rnBuildings are especially vulnerable regarding the climate change and should be adapted. Therefore differentrnadaption strategies and options, which are easy to implement, are available and presented within this paper.