Special Propagation and Conservation of Rare and Endangered Native Thai Magnoliaceae

摘要

There are 26 species of Magnoliaceae native to Thailand, including 4 endemics: Magnolia citrata, M. rajaniana, M. sirindhorniae and M. thailandica. Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR) supported by a research fund from the Royal Plant Genetic Conservation Project, surveyed Magnoliaceae throughout the country and classified 13 species as rare and endangered. The young seeds of the Talauma group were eaten by night moths (Tortricidae) making them very rare in their habitat. Wrapping young fruits with paper bags protected them from the moths and produced 100% germination. Almost native species were propagated successfully from seeds. The exception wereM citrata because of very low seed germination and M. duperreana and M. elegans which lacked seeds in their habitat. The other propagation methods were marcotting, cutting, budding, young shoot side grating, side grafting and tissue culture. Side grafting was the most appropriate method using the root stocks of M. champaca, M. rajaniana, M. utilis and M. siamensis for each group of species. Magnolia duperreana, M. thailandica, M. elegans and M. praecalva were incompatible with every species of root stock. Many Thai people cultivate Magnoliaceae species because of their beautiful, fragrant flowers and they are often used in the spa industry. Many species have a grand shape and are grown for landscaping.