Acoustical studies of muffler systems are important in many engineering applications such as automotive exhaust systems, industrial duct systems and also in some general aviation aircrafts. The acoustical performance of a muffler system depends on source and termination impedances, the four pole parameters of the muffler including exhaust and tail pipes. The performance of a muffler system can be described either using the Transmission Loss (TL) or the Insertion Loss (IL). It is known that the TL as defined depends only on muffler and duct geometry and not on source and termination impedances. However the IL depends on source and termination impedances, muffler geometry, exhaust and tail pipes. The IL is more useful to the users as well as designers as it gives complete performance of the muffler system. In this study, the influences of source impedance, muffler geometry, exhaust, and tail pipe lengths on insertion loss of muffler systems are investigated. The studies indicate a significant influence of various parameters on the muffler system performance.
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