FUTURE ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS AND THE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE - THE CASE OF DANISH OFFICE LIGHTING

摘要

Higher eco-design requirements from thernEU Directives and higher lighting standardrnrequirements for working places open a newrnand challenging chapter of development forrnthe illumination systems of the future.rnElectricity consumption due to illumination inrnoffices in Europe will continue to rise due tornthe increasing number of offices and due tornthe new illumination standards. The totalrnannual primary energy consumption of thernEuropean office lighting stock in 2005 wasrn281 PJ, of which 271.73 PJ was due tornelectricity use. It is estimated that officernlighting generates 519 kton of nonhazardousrn(or landfill) waste and 7.2 ktonrnhazardous (or incinerated) waste; 12.5 MtrnCO2-eq. greenhouse gas emissions; 73 ktrnSO2-eq. acidifying gasses. It emits heavyrnmetals in an amount of 5.7 ton Ni-eq. to airrnand 2.7 ton Hg to water.rnThis paper discusses the question: Whatrnkind of considerations should the photonicrnindustry take into account when designingrnfuture low-carbon illumination systems tornefficiently reduce the CO2 emissions, whenrnevaluating the possibilities for the future?