Electrochemical and structural properties of SnO2 and Sb:SnO2 transparent electrodes with mixed electronically conductive and ion-storage characteristics

摘要

Abstract: Sb:SnO$-2$/ films (body resistance 1.2 $MUL 10$+$MIN@2$/ approximately ega@cm) which were deposited by dip-coating technique via the sol-gel route using SnCl$-4$/$DOT@5H$-2$/O and SbCl$-3$/ precursors have been found to exhibit mixed electronic conductivity and ion-storage characteristics. The Li$+$PLU$/ and H$+$PLU$/ ion (de)insertion properties of the films were determined from the cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements from solvents containing LiClO$-4$/ (0.1 M) in acetonitrile or water, LiOH (0.1 M) and HClO$-4$/ (0.001 - 0.01 M). The particle grain size of Sb:SnO$-2$/ and SnO$-2$/ films has been determined from the XRD measurements and was found to be larger for undoped (55 - 71 angstroms) than for the Sb doped films (46 - 58 angstroms). The Sb:SnO$-2$/ films exhibit effective charges per film thickness (Q$-(de)int$//d) in the range 0.01 - 0.02 mC/cm$+2$m and outrange by about 3 times the Q/d values obtained for undoped films. Combining the CV results with the in-situ spectroelectrochemical measurements it was concluded that the intercalation process of Li$+$PLU$/ ions in Sb:SnO$-2$/ films is governed by the layer charging of the inner grain surfaces which overwhelms the underlaying redox changes involving the Sn$+4$PLU$/ ions. The performance of the transmissive electrochromic device made of WO$-3$//H$-3$/PO$- 4$/-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Sb:SnO$-2$/ was tested and the results presented and discussed.!11