A Total Station Plan Combined with “D/V Chikyu” and DONET:Simultaneous Observation from Seafloor to Atmosphere

摘要

DONET (Dense Oceanfloor Network system for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) has been developed and installed around Nankai Trough, which is motivated by the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake. DONET contains pressure gauges as well as seismometers, which is expected to detect crustal deformations driven by peeling off subduction plate coupling process. From our simulation results, leveling changes are different sense among at the DONET points even in the same science node. On the other hand, oceanic fluctuations such as melting ice masses through the global warming has so large scale as to cause ocean bottom pressure change coherently for all of DONET points especially in the same node. This difference suggests the possibility of extracting crustal deformations component from ocean bottom pressure data by differential of stacking data. However, this operation cannot be applied to local-scale fluctuations related to ocean mesoscale eddies and current fluctuations, which affect ocean bottom pressure through water density changes in the water column (from the sea surface to the bottom). Recently, Kuroshio current path has been changed drastically, which significantly affect ocean bottom pressures at DONET station points. Therefore, we need integral analysis by combining seismology, ocean physics and tsunami engineering so as to decompose into crustal deformation, oceanic fluctuations and instrumental drift, which will bring about high precision data enough to find geophysical phenomena. Since DONET has been and will be connected to long-term borehole observatories constructed in the Nankai Trough under the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) by using the deep-sea drilling vessel Chikyu, we have to discuss the best way to do simultaneous observation from seafloor to atmosphere by taking advantage of this chance.