Abstract: High strength steel alloys (such as 300 M) used in naval aircraft engine and landing gear components are subjected to cyclic loading in service and found to be highly susceptible to fatigue cracking. There is a critical need for nondestructive evaluation techniques which can detect both cracking and potential crack nucleation sites within these components. An innovative electromagnetic technology called the stress induced-magnetic-anisotropy (SMA) technique has been proposed to be used to detect and evaluate residual stresses. SMA measures residual stresses by sensing the changes in magnetic flux induced in directions parallel and perpendicular to the stress. A novel probe and instrumentation is being developed to simultaneously detect both subsurface residual stresses and stress-induced cracking in coated and uncoated ferromagnetic structures. Finite element analysis has been used to determine the distribution of magnetic flux density and inductance of the probe under varying AC fields. Using ANSYS$+TM$/ EMAG, the effect of varying frequency of the excitation field, permeability and dimensions of the core have been analyzed. The paper describes how finite element analysis can be used in design and development of the probe and in understanding its behavior. !8
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