THE KINETICS OF RADIATION-INDUCED POINT DEFECT AGGREGATION AND METALLIC COLLOID FORMATION IN IONIC SOLIDS

摘要

By definition, a metallic colloid is "a particle, which size is sufficiently small that there is at least a possibility that its properties will differ from those of the bulk material" [1]. The existence of metallic colloids in ionic crystals has been known for a long time [2-6]. Metallic colloids can be produced in ionic solids by a number of methods. 1) Additive coloration (thermochemical reduction), where a crystal is heated in the metal vapour at high temperature, so that the excess metal is introduced into the crystal. 2) Electrolytic coloration is carried out by applying an electric field (～100V/cm) at elevated temperatures. 3) Ionizing radiation, where conditions of colloid formation depend on both type of radiation and material. 4) Ion implantation.