To provide safe drinking water at the tap of a consumer, a disinfectant residual must be maintained in the system. The recognition that the residual declines with distance and time has required a new look at the distribution system. No longer is it satisfactory to have safe water at the treatment plant reservoir, but it must also be guaranteed throughout the system. Thus, over the past few years attention has been focused on the processes which take place in the system. First, it is well known that when the disinfectant residual becomes low, a regrowth of bacteria in the system takes place.
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