COASTAL PROTECTION AND ASSOCIATED IMPACTS ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY APPROACH

摘要

The paper highlights coastal protection as a component of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). ICZM particularly emphasizes environmental aspects of all activities in coastal areas, combining research results from natural and social sciences. In this context it particularly favors solutions avoiding undesired disturbances to coastal (eco) systems, including unnatural coastal morphology, poor water quality and impaired biodiversity. Simultaneously, it supports schemes being flexible enough to cope with the global climate change on a longer time perspective. Thus, in the ICZM view, the best measures incorporate soft coastal protection techniques, i.e. artificially initialed natural dunes and beach fills, permeable groins and submerged breakwaters, discussed extensively herein.