HEADWATER CONTROL IN AUSTRIA

摘要

Austria's headwater control has been hugely influenced by the nation's entry to the EU and also by a rising concern for sustainable development. Economic stress is reducing the enthusiasm of rural communities for the new policies of integrated environmental management. Many of Austria's protection forests are in poor and declining condition. Research is evaluating the effectiveness of secondary conifer forest against mixed forests for hazard mitigation. Elsewhere, the research agenda is focusing on quantification both for hazard zonation and the design of protection measures. There is concern that resources are being wasted by the current subjective expert-assessment approach to hazard definition and by the systematic over-design of protection measures.