THE ADVANCES OF CHINESE NON-FERROUS METAL MINERAL INDUSTRY AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

摘要

With the steady growth of Chinese economy, the nonferrous metal industry of China was also developed quickly. The gross output of ten main non-ferrous metals reached 4.25 million tons in 1995 so that China ranks the fourth in the world. However, a series of environmental problems also occurred, which relate to characteristics of mineral resources, techniques for mining, dressing, smelting and processing, equipment and their management level. The major pollutants include sulphur dioxide, industrial powder-dust and smoke-dust, water containing heavy metal ions as well as solid wastes. Air, water body, soil, vegetation and people's health were polluted and damaged to different extent due to the above pollutants.rnFor the purpose of environmental management and pollution control, some of measures must be taken: (1) to strengthen environmental planning, accelerate and perfect environmental laws and related regulations as well as spread the consciousness of environmental protection energetically; (2) to extend cleaner production and adopt advanced technologies so as to reduce environmental pollution; (3) to turn the concept of the end-of-pipe management to the whole- process control; (4) to recovery or reuse the wastes fully.rnIn addition, general situation and polices on reclamation of mining land as well as theory, methods and techniques of restoration of waste land were also stated in the paper.