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上海有色金属

Shanghai Nonferrous Metals
本刊是经国家科委批准，由上海市有色金属学会主办的有色金属科技刊物，国内外公开发行。主要报道我国有色金属生产、经营的发展战略研究及成果，建立、健全企业科技创新体系的工作经验及成果，上海地区有色金属主导产品（铜冶炼、铜加工、铝加工、稀土材料、硅材料、稀贵材料等）在节能、降耗、环保、质量等方面的通用工艺技术成果，上海有色金属的行业现状分析及发展战略、技术措施等。
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  • 主管单位：上海市科学技术协会
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上海有色金属 >2021年第6期

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  • 摘要：PLLA composites with various β-tricalcium phasphate(β-TCP) mass fractions were prepared by solution blended method.Pure PLLA and various composites degraded in the simulated body fluids for 3 months.Then,bending strength,tensile strength and bending modulus of the PLLA and composites were tested by universal material testing machine.Fracture of the composites was observed by SEM.The results indicate that small amount of β-TCP can increases bending strength and tensile strength of the composites.As the increase in β-TCP addition in the composites,the bending strength and tensile strength of the composite decrease,but the bending modulus of composites increases.The bending strength of the composites with different β-TCP mass fractions decreases after degradation,but the decreasing rate of the bending strength is varying with time.The bending strength of all composites decreases rapidly in the first six weeks,and the decreasing rate slows down in next six to twelve weeks,decreasing rate of bending strength of PLLA is larger than that of β-TCP/PLLA composites.Bending strength of composites is 17.8-32.4 MPa after twelve weeks degradation,and it is higher than cancellous bone whose bending strength is(11.5±2.1)MPa.The composites meet the strength requirement of the fixation for cancellous bone.%采用溶液共混法制备不同β磷酸三钙(β-tricalcium phasphate,βTCP)质量分数的复合材料,并将纯聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)和复合材料置于模拟体液中降解3个月,用万能材料试验机测试纯PLLA和复合材料的弯曲强度、拉伸强度和弯曲模量,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察其断面形貌.结果表明:少量βTCP的加入可以使复合材料弯曲强度和拉伸强度增大,随着βTCP的进一步加入,复合材料的弯曲强度和拉伸强度均减小,而复合材料的弯曲模量随着βTCP的加入逐渐增大;降解后不同βTCP含量的复合材料的弯曲强度均有所降低,但降幅不同,所有复合材料在前6周弯曲强度衰减较快,第6~12周强度衰减趋缓;纯PLLA体外降解时,弯曲强度衰减明显快于βTCP/PLLA复合材料;第12周时复合材料的弯曲强度仍有17.8~32.4 MPa,高于松质骨的(11.5±2.1)MPa,满足松质骨骨折内固定器的要求.
  • 摘要：针对镦挤复合成形过程中坯料在挤出时普遍存在的挤出高度不足的问题,利用Deform有限元软件模拟圆柱体自由端无约束时的镦挤复合成形过程,对镦挤成形过程的力学参数和变形规律进行分析;分别从理论和模拟两方面入手,研究正挤压和反挤压两种模式下的镦挤复合成形规律,模拟不同材料、不同挤出通道时的变形规律,绘制凸模行程与挤出高度曲线.研究结果表明:镦挤复合成形过程中的正挤压和反挤压具有一致的变形规律,当挤出通道直径为20~25 mm、摩擦因数为0.2~0.4时,适当地增大挤出通道直径和摩擦因数,均有利于提高坯料的挤出高度,当摩擦因数为0.35、挤出通道直径为25 mm时,坯料挤出高度最大.%For heading extrusion compound forming process of billet in common when it is squeezed out the problem of insufficient height,using the Deform software to simulate the cylinder free end unconstrained composite upsetting extrusion molding,for heading extrusion forming process was analyzed,the mechanical parameters and deformation law as well;respectively from two aspects of theory and simulation research.The extrusion and backward extrusion were studied under two different modes of upset compound forming law,to simulate different materials,to diameter of extrusion deformation law of channel,and drawing punch stroke and squeeze out the length of the curve.The research results show that the composite upsetting extrusion molding of extrusion and backward extrusion deformation law is consistent,when the extrusion channel diameter is in the range of 20-25 mm,the friction coefficient is in the range of 0.2-0.4,appropriately to lower the height of the billet diameter ratio,expanding extrusion channel diameter,increase all improve the extrusion billet high friction coefficient.When the friction coefficient is 0.35,the diameter of the extrusion channel is 25 mm,extrusion height is maximum.
  • 摘要：The research expounds kinds of aluminum and aluminum alloy ingot grain refinement.It finds that adding refining agent in the aluminum meltis the most economic and effective method currently.In the past 50 years,domestic and foreign researchers have conducted extensive and in-depth research on the grain refinement of Al-Ti-B,and developed a fluoride salt reaction method,titanium oxide particles and method of electrolysis aluminum thermal reduction and SHS method and so on many kinds of Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and preparation methods of semi continuous casting extrusion,continuous casting and continuous casting and extrusion technique such as wire forming method.Through the analysis of aluminum titanium boron all of the advantages and disadvantages of the method and the forming of the wire drawn by fluoride salt reaction method and continuous cast rolling process of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy wire,because the preparation has the advantages of simple process,low production cost,stable product quality,refinement effect significant advantages;In addition,it is an important development direction to develop new preparation technology and new Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy refining agent.%阐述了各种铝及铝合金铸锭晶粒细化的方法,得出AlTiB中间合金是目前工业生产条件下,在铝熔体中添加细化剂进行细化铸锭的晶粒中最经济有效的方法.在过去50多年里,国内外科研工作者对铝钛硼的晶粒细化进行了广泛而又深入的研究,开发出了氟盐反应法、纯钛颗粒法、氧化物法、电解法、铝热还原法和自蔓延高温合成法等多种铝钛硼中间合金的制备方法和半连续铸造挤压法、连续铸轧法和连续铸挤法等多种线材成型方式.通过分析铝钛硼各种制备方法和线材成型方式的优缺点,得出通过氟盐反应法和连续铸轧法生产的铝钛硼中间合金线材,具有制备工艺简单、生产成本低、产品质量稳定、细化效果显著等优点;另外发展新型制备工艺和新型AlTiB中间合金细化剂,是其一个重要的发展方向.
  • 摘要：In this manuscript we investigated the effect of aging process on the conductivity of Cu-Ni-Co-Si alloy solution.The transformation kinetic equation of the alloy was obtained through the relationship between the conductivity and volume friction of the precipitated second phase.We found that the conductivity increases faster at the beginning of the solute alloy aged,but after 4 hours it turns to be slower,and the higher the aging temperature shows higher conductivity as well as linear relationship between conductivity increasing rate and precipitated quantity of second phase in the course of aging treatment.Transformation kinetic equation and conductivity equation of the alloy at different temperatures under 500 ℃ were obtained.It is demonstrated that the calculated values based on the conductivity equation is well consistent with those of experimental.%研究了CuNiCoSi合金固溶后时效处理工艺对其导电率的影响,通过导电率与析出的第二相体积分数的关系推导了该合金的相变动力学方程.结果表明:随着时效时间的延长,导电率开始增加较快,4 h时效后增速减慢;时效温度越高,时效初期导电率的升高速率越快,最终导电率也越高;时效过程中,导电率的升高率与第二相的析出量存在一定的线性关系.推导了该合金在500 ℃内不同温度下时效时的相变动力学方程和导电率方程,由该导电率方程所得的计算值与试验值相符.
  • 摘要：Novel heterostructures of Ag holed microdisks(HMDs)/ZnO nanorods(NRs) have been prepared via a two-step aqueous strategy including ZnO seed loading and subsequent heteroepitaxial growth of ZnO NRs on Ag HMDs.By simply adjusting synthetic parameters,ZnO NRs with variable NR diameters,lengths and shapes on Ag HMDs have been realized,which endow Ag/ZnO heterostructures with versatile morphologies.The novel Ag/ZnO heterostructures consisting of integrated 1D semiconductor/2D metal nanostructured blocks with high specific surface area(SSA) and opened spatial architectures may promise important applications related to photoelectric fields.In photocatalytic measurements,the typical Ag/ZnO heterostructure exhibits superior catalytic activity.Synergistic effect of the Ag/ZnO heterostructures contributes to the high catalytic performance.%利用简单的两步合成法制备得到新颖的中孔Ag微米盘(HMDs)/ZnO纳米棒(NRs)异质结,主要包括上晶种和异质外延生长.通过简单的合成参数调控,可以制备不同纳米直径、不同长度、不同形状的ZnO NRs,进而制成不同形貌的Ag/ZnO异质结.结构新颖的Ag/ZnO异质结由一维(1D)半导体和二维(2D)纳米结构元构成,Ag/ZnO异质结具有高比表面积和开放的空间结构,在光电领域具有很重要的应用潜力.在光催化测试中,Ag/ZnO异质结表现出优越的催化活性,主要归因于结构独特的Ag/ZnO异质结的协同效应.
  • 摘要：This paper presents building a finite element model of the fine blanking with a thickness of 1.5 mm plate and studying the plate deformation process by fine blanking.The effect on fracture surface by fine blanking through blank holder force and back pressure was analyzed.Both of simulations and experimental results similarly indicated that:when blank holder force was kept constant,the increase of back pressure shows fault zone was decreased and smooth finish got worse by fine blanking;when back pressure was kept constant,the increase of blank holder force manifests fault zone was not changed a lot but smooth finish got better;there is optimal point by using both to minimize the fault zone and obtain best smooth finish.%构建厚度为1.5 mm的板材精密冲裁有限元模型,分析板材精冲的变形过程.通过大量有限元模拟,重点分析压边力和反压力对精冲断面质量的影响规律,并将模拟结果和试验结果进行对比分析.结果表明:当压边力不变时,随着反压力的增大,精冲断裂带长度不断减小,而断面平整度逐渐变差;当反压力不变时,断裂带长度不随压边力的增大发生较大改变,但断面平整度提高;当压边力和反压力相互配合时,冲孔断裂带最小,断面平整度最好;模拟结果与试验结果非常接近,说明压边力对精冲断面质量影响规律的模拟结果准确.
  • 摘要：扼要介绍了一种新型铝型材挤压模具箱式加热炉.在相同试验条件下,与传统电阻式铝型材模具加热炉进行性能试验比较,分别记录两种加热炉在升温与保温过程中温控曲线的变化,及所需的能耗和两种模具炉在保温过程中的热量散失情况.研究结果表明:模具箱式加热炉相比传统模具加热炉,加热效率提高约50%,耗电量降低约57%.模具箱式加热炉具有传热效率高、隔热性能强、加热均匀性好、安全系数高、模具使用寿命延长以及模具损坏率降低等优点,在铝型材加工行业具有较好的应用及推广价值.%A new box-type heating furnace for extrusion die of aluminum profile was briefly introduced in the paper.It was compared with traditional resistance wire heating furnace on energy saving test and application under the same testing condition.The curve graph of temperature changing and the energy consumption during the heating and heating preservation were recorded,so with the heat loss during the heating preservation.The result shows that the heating efficiency of box-type heating furnace is improved about 50%,while the power consumption is reduced by 57% compared with the traditional mold heating furnace.Meanwhile,the box-type heating furnace has a series of advantage,such as high heat transfer efficiency,good thermal insulation properties,good heating uniformity,high safety factory,longer service life of die and lower mold damage rate.The box-type heating furnace has a good application in the aluminum processing industry.
  • 摘要：This paper studies the effect on microstructure and surface properties of the QAl10-4-4 alloy via mechanical vibration polishing treatment(MVPT).It is found that a hardened layer was present in the QAl10-4-4 alloy after MVPT and the hardness gradually decreases from the surface to the centre.The surface hardness increased by 20%.Compared to the samples without MVPT,samples with MVPT has a compressive stress state,increased the surface residual stress by about 300 MPa,and reduced the surface roughness and surface friction coefficient greatly which led to increase the wear resistance.Practical applications indicates that mechanical efficiency increases more than 20% by using the QAl10-4-4 alloy(with MVPT) worm wheel.The improvement of the comprehensive surface properties of the alloy with MVPT is directly associated with refinement of microstructures in the hardened layer.%研究了振动研磨工艺对涡轮用QAl1044合金组织和表面性能的影响.结果表明:振动研磨处理后,QAl1044合金产生了从研磨表面至心部硬度逐渐降低的硬化层,表面硬度提高约20%;相对于未研磨处理的QAl1044合金,经振动研磨处理后,合金处于表面压应力状态,表面残余应力提高约300 MPa,表面粗糙度明显降低,表面摩擦因数显著下降,耐磨性显著提高.工程实际应用结果表明:使用振动研磨工艺处理QAl1044合金蜗轮提高整机的传动效率超过20%.振动研磨后,材料表面综合性能的提高与表层组织细化有直接关系.
  • 摘要：The orthogonal experiment was used to design the composition of alloy,and the optimal alloy composition was obtained by using the binary match table.We investigated the influence of Fe,Si contents in AA8000 alloys performance via SEM,XRD,optical microscopic,and TEM,as well as their interaction.On the other hand,the impact of different micro-morphology on the electrical and mechanical performance of AA8000 alloys has been studied,and the Fe and Si interaction mechanism was theoretically analyzed.It has found that Al alloys have better electrical conductivity and higher mechanical strength when Fe=0.4wt%,Si=0.2wt% by orthogonal test.We also demonstrated that there is strong interaction between Fe and Si by forming mesophase in compound Al8Fe2Si,which reduces the influence of Si on AA8000 alloys' conductivity.%采用正交试验进行合金成分优化设计,运用二元搭配表得到最优的合金成分,研究了Fe、Si含量对AA8000系铝合金性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD),金相显微镜(OM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM),研究了Fe、Si及其交互作用对铝合金微观组织的影响.探究了不同的组织相貌对铝合金电学性能及力学性能的影响,并从理论上分析了Fe、Si的交互作用机理.研究结果表明:由正交试验得到最优的合金元素组成,当Fe的质量分数为0.4%,Si的质量分数为0.2%时,合金具有较高的导电率和较高的强度;Fe、Si存在交互作用,Fe与Si可以形成Al8Fe2Si三元中间相,减少了Si对铝合金导电性能的不利影响.
  • 摘要：CO2作为全球温室气体,正在危害人类赖以生存的环境,而工业上现正在大力发展有机胺溶液用于脱除烟气中的CO2,并已得到了广泛的应用和极好的发展趋势.由于三乙烯四胺(TETA)溶液具有稳定性好、吸收效率高等优势,再对比传统胺试剂试验的浓度,试验选取0.2~0.8 mol/L体积浓度范围的TETA作为吸收剂吸收模拟烟气中的CO2.当温度在25~40 ℃时,其温度对CO2吸收速率的影响不明显;当溶剂体积浓度在0.2~0.8 mol/L和CO2体积分数在10%~18%时,溶剂体积浓度和CO2体积分数对CO2吸收速率的影响明显.%As the world's greenhouse gas,carbon dioxide(CO2) is endangering human survival environment.The organic amine solution is widely used in industry to remove CO2 from flue gas,which has a good development trend.Compared with the concentration of the traditional amine reagent test,the three ethylene four amine(TETA) in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 mol/L is chosen as the absorbent to absorb the simulated flue gas for the good performance.The experimental results show that the effect of temperature on the absorption rate of CO2 is not obvious as the temperature is between 25 ℃ and 40 ℃,while the absorption rate of CO2 was observably when the volume concentration of the solvent is between 0.2-0.8 mol/L and the volume concentration of CO2 is between 10% and 18%.
  • 摘要：燃料电池作为一种高效、无污染的能源转换器件,受到广泛关注.其阴极氧还原反应是决定电池性能最重要、最关键的因素之一,也是制约其商业化的关键瓶颈因素之一.因此,研究和开发高效氧还原催化剂及其催化机理,对于燃料电池的发展和商业化进程具有十分重要的意义.在简要介绍燃料电池的基础上,综述了近年来金属基氧还原电极材料催化氧还原反应的机理,金属基氧还原电极材料包括Pt催化剂、PtM催化剂、杂原子掺杂碳载金属类催化剂等,总结了提高催化活性和稳定性、降低催化剂制备成本和催化剂制备工艺等方面所取得的研究结果,并指出了各类催化剂目前尚待解决的问题和发展方向.%Fuel cell(FC) as a highly efficient,non-pollution energy conversion device,has attracted much attention.The cathode oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) is one of the most important and critical factors for performance of the battery,and restrict the commercialization.Therefore,it is important to develop a high efficiency electrocatalyst for the ORR and the mechanism of oxygen reduction for the development and commercialization of FC.In this paper,research progresses of the ORR mechanism on metal-based electrocatalysts,have been systematically reviewed on the base of a brief introduction of the FC.The materials include the ptelectrocatalyst,Pt-M electrocatalyst and heteroatom-doped carbon supported metal electrocatalysts.The effort to improve the catalytic activity and durability of the electrocatalysts have been summarized.Reseach on decrease the cost of electrocatalysts and novel non-precious metal electrocatalysts are also reported.The urgent problems and future research focuses on these non-precious metal oxygen reduction electrocatalysts have pointed out.
  • 摘要：从多个角度,将AlFe合金中金属间化合物形成过程的研究成果进行分类.二元AlFe合金相组成的影响因素包含以成分为主的热力学因素及以冷却速度为主的动力学因素.而目前的研究中,对于热力学因素影响的研究大都没有考虑动力学因素的影响,因而往往与实际结果有所偏差;对于动力学的研究中由于加工方法本身的局限性,因而在平衡近似下的动力学与热力学模型都无法适用.未来在该领域内的研究,既要满足理论模型中的平衡假设条件,也要考虑热力学与动力学因素的综合作用,且应加强对于相变机理方面的研究.%Al-Fe alloy is a novel aluminum alloy of prospective application whose optimized processing requires a comprehensive research upon the phase transition involved in depth.In this work,previous results on factors affecting the formation of intermetallic phases in the alloys are reviewed from multiple perspectives.The formation of intermetallics depends on both thermodynamic factors and kinetic factors.So far the theoretical models on these aspects are based on assumption of equilibrium transition,whereas the interaction between thermodynamic and kinetic factorsis largely ignored.Based on these comments,brief proposals are made for further research in this field in the future.
  • 摘要：In order to get relatively ideal property of T62 state on 2024-O aluminum alloy,it needs to be heat treatment with appropriate parameters after molded.It is not easy to get the optimal parameters from the heat treatment which is still very challenge as it require highly control.In this study,2024-O aluminum alloy was systematically studied on microstructure and mechanical properties under various processing,such as solution temperature,holding time,quenching,and artificial aging system.The microstructure has been changed and the precipitate phase has been enhanced where observed by using TEM and XED.Finally,the alloy with better comprehensive performance was obtained by the confirmed parameters of (490-505)℃/(20-40)min+(185-195)℃/(8-14)h,which is the most suitable parameter for 2024-O aluminum alloy with T62 state inlaboratory condition.%2024O铝型材成形后,需要进行热处理才能达到最终的T62状态.合适的热处理工艺参数会得到性能较理想的最终型材,但是热处理工艺的最佳参数对热处理的工艺控制要求很高,因此很难确定.首先经由2024O铝型材热处理工艺试验,系统地研究了固溶处理制度、淬火和人工时效制度等工艺因素对合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.其次,采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD),在微观上研究不同制度下,型材微结构的变化与增强相的析出.最后确定了实验室条件下2024O状态铝型材T62热处理的最佳工艺参数,即(490~505)℃×(20~40)min+(185~195)℃×(8~14)h.在该制度下,型材合金具备较优的综合性能.
  • 摘要：通过对上引Cu-0.3Cr-0.1Zr合金固溶处理、冷拉拔以及随后的时效处理工艺,研究冷拉拔形变及时效对材料力学性能、导电性能及组织结构的影响规律.结果表明:时效前的冷拉拔变形能提高Cu-0.3Cr-0.1Zr合金的力学性能而保持较高的导电率;合金在950℃固溶1h后,经70％冷拉拔变形和500℃时效4h,合金抗拉强度和导电率分别达到了418 MPa和87％IACS;时效合金组织转变过程为:固溶体→G.P.区→Cr+ Cu4Zr,析出相对位错运动的阻碍是合金强化的重要机制.
  • 摘要：通过铜板带质量缺陷的数据统计,得出铜板带材普遍存在的质量缺陷主要是表面缺陷的结论,并在此基础上论述了清洗研磨对改善铜板带材表面质量的作用,以及保证清洗研磨效果的四个关键要素,即选好研磨辊刷、选好刷辊线径、选好磨粒目数和选好包括接触压力、研磨量及刷辊速度在内的研磨工艺.文章对现实铜板带材生产过程中,如何进一步改善表面质量具有借鉴价值.
  • 摘要：采用熔铸法获得65Cu-3Si-0.1P和65Cu-1Si-0.1P两种新型无铅黄铜,利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其进行物相分析,通过腐蚀试验、拉伸试验、切削试验评价其综合性能.结果表明同时加入Si、P元素后合金中产生大量细小硬质点,可以起到类似铅黄铜中铅质点的作用,从而改善切削加工性能;Si和P的加入亦可大大提高黄铜的耐腐蚀性能.
  • 摘要：从建模、仿真结果出发,加入表面等离激元效应,运用时域有限差分算法(FDTD),研究中波量子阱红外探测器(QWIP)的近场效应和光耦合效率.重点研究在SP效应下QWIP二维光栅的最优参数.计算结果表明,对于4μm的入射光,当光栅周期为P=1.3 μm,栅孔深度h =0.4 μm,栅孔的占空比为d=0.8时,X-Y平面内Z方向电场值最大,光栅的耦合效率最高.
  • 摘要：研究的对象是直板式铝散热片,通过改变散热片的结构参数(齿厚、齿高、齿间距和底板厚度),以Ansys软件为载体,将所作模型图导入Ansys软件中进行模拟,得出测试点温度.基于正交试验分析,得出结果:散热片的齿厚和齿间距对其散热效果影响最大,其次是齿高,底板厚度次之;其他参数不变时,齿厚在0.5～1.5 mm内,随着齿厚的增加,散热效果增强,齿厚超过1.5mm,散热效果则减弱;齿间距在1～1.5 mm内,随着齿间距的增加,散热效果增强,齿间距超过1.5mm,散热效果则减弱;随着齿高的增加,散热效果呈现增强趋势;底板厚度在2～3 mm内,随着厚度的增加散热效果增强,当厚度超过3mm时,散热效果呈下降趋势.
  • 摘要：综述了近年来胶印版材的发展概况,并对印刷用铝板带的质量要求、生产工艺和技术装备状况进行了详细阐述,同时从市场供需角度分析了印刷用铝板带的发展趋势:未来CTP版将占据主导地位.
  • 摘要：通过研究锌-铜-钛合金带材中铜、钛等合金元素的合理控制以及轧制变形工艺与退火工艺的优化控制,根据服装纽扣等五金制品的使用要求,提出了服装纽扣等五金制品用锌-铜-钛合金带材合理的化学成分及生产工艺,并批量生产出锌-铜-钛合金带材,用于代替黄铜带材生产服装纽扣等五金制品.
  • 摘要：通过水平连铸制备出直径16 mm的C46500无铅铜棒坯,研究了铸造速度、机械搅拌耦合纳米粒子及退火工艺对其耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:铸造速度影响脱锌层的深度,在63 cm/min的铸造速度下,脱锌层深度最低,说明耐脱锌腐蚀性能最佳;通过Al2O3纳米粒子耦合机械搅拌制备的棒坯晶粒最细,脱锌层深度最低达66μm.;退火能降低脱锌层深度,随着退火温度的升高,脱锌层深度降低的趋势递减.纳米粒子耦合机械搅拌可以得到100 μm以下的高耐脱锌腐蚀的无铅铜.
  • 摘要：介绍了铝箔粗轧过程中黑色散油点的表现形式和产生机理,对其影响因素进行了综合分析.通过引进岗位竞争激励长效机制,提高员工的产品质量责任意识;进行设备改造,加装和固定档油、导流、三次吹扫装置,合理的调节轧制线高度和轧制出口排烟能力,发挥中间吹扫、中间接油板、边部辊缝吹扫、板面吹扫的作用,减少轧制带油;严格控制铝箔坯料内在冶金质量,减少轧制脱粉;加强工艺油品管理,预防轧制油品老化变质;搞好文明生产,定期清洁轧机.有效地减少了铝箔粗轧箔材表面黑色散油点缺陷的发生.
  • 摘要：通过对断口形貌和界面微观组织的观察分析，研究了3种 Sn Bi／Cu 焊接接头的剪切断裂机理．结果表明：3种 Sn Bi／Cu 焊接接头均在弹性变形阶段断裂，并且均沿 Sn Bi 焊料／Cu 基板界面处断裂．孔洞降低了3种 Sn Bi／Cu 焊接接头的有效连接面积，从而降低了其剪切强度．根据3种 Sn Bi／Cu 焊接接头断口形貌，Sn59．9Bi40Cu 0．1／Cu 和Sn57．9Bi40Zn2Cu 0．1／Cu 焊接接头剪切断裂机制属于准解理、沿晶脆性断裂和韧窝的混合型断裂，而 Sn42Bi58／Cu 焊接接头剪切断裂机制属于准解理断裂．微观组织分析显示，3种焊料合金焊接接头界面处的金属间化合物层均为连续的 Cu6 Sn5相．%The shear facture mechanism of Sn-Bi/Cu solder joints were studied by analyzing the fracture morphology and interfacial intermetallic compounds(IMCs).The result showed that all the three Sn-Bi/Cu solder joints almost ruptured at the elasticity deformation phase and the fractures occurred at the interface of Sn-Bi solder and Cu substrates.In addition,the shear strengths of the three Sn-Bi/Cu solder joints were decreased,since the real contact areas of the solder joints were reduced by the voids.According to the fracture morphology of the three Sn-Bi/Cu solder joints,the fracture mechanisms of Sn59.9Bi40Cu0.1/Cu and Sn57.9Bi40Zn2Cu0.1/Cu solder joints were the mixture of quasi-cleavage ,intergranular brittle and dimple,while the fracture mechanism of Sn42Bi58/Cu solder joint was quasi-cleavage.The microstructure analysis results showed that the IMCs of the three Sn-Bi/Cu solder joints were all continuous Cu6 Sn5 phase.
  • 摘要：Micro message public platform,as a new medium in the field of mobile internet, has been applied in machine manufacturing.The paper introduces the basic functions and researches on the role that this platform has played in publicity,marketing and maintenance in machine manufacturing.It is concluded that Wechat has a bright future in the information process of machine manufacturing.%为了探索微信公众平台在机床制造业中的应用，介绍了微信公众平台的基本功能，对机床制造业进行了分析，对微信公众平台在机床制造业市场宣传、营销、维修中的作用进行了探讨。微信公众平台是新媒体，具有移动互联网基因，在机床制造业信息化过程中大有可为。
  • 摘要：The characteristics of the production and application of magnesium alloy sheet and strip have been analyzed based on the introduction of its production technology,process equipment and product application.A new production process,e.g.magnesium-alloy strip coiling process through hot rolling,has been developed,which has brought good prospects for the industry of magnesium alloy sheet and strip.%通过对目前镁合金板带的生产技术、工艺设备和产品应用现状等方面的描述，分析了其生产与应用的特点。同时，通过介绍镁合金板带生产工艺的开发现状，探讨了其发展趋势与前景，尤其是以热轧开坯进行卷式法生产的可能。

    上海有色金属的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：上海有色金属Shanghai Nonferrous Metals;上海冶金（1979-1981）;上海金属（有色分册）（1981-1993）
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