Comparative and Optimizing Calculations of Energy Efficiency Indicators for Operation of CHP Plants Using the Normative Characteristics and Mathematical Models

摘要

The article deals with the problem of the correct calculation of energy efficiency indicators for the operation of CHP plants in the combined production of heat and electric energy. The authors review traditional methods, which are more often used in Russia and in the countries with developed markets of electricity and heat. They develop a new method for calculating energy efficiency indicators for the operation of cogeneration steam turbines using mathematical models based on the actual power and flow characteristics of turbine stages and compartments. The problem solutions are based on generalized experimental data and theoretical positions of technical thermodynamics, the theory of heat and mass transfer, gas dynamics, the theory of turbomachines and mathematical modeling of thermal power plants, numerical and physical experiments and proven techniques of technical and economic research in the energy sector under market conditions. The authors compare the proposed method for calculating variable operating conditions of steam turbines using formulated principles and calculation results based on regulatory characteristics, and the most effective methods are identified. The proposed approach can be implemented and used to optimize the operation of CHP plants in the Russian wholesale electricity and capacity market.