Detection of Organic Pollutants in the Residues of Diesel Vehicle Exhaust by Thermal Extraction Method

摘要

In order to investigate the pollution control and precautionary measures of diesel vehicle, the characteristics of organic contaminants discharged by diesel vehicle should be detected accurately. Utilizing unproved analytical instrument (Geofina Hydrocarbon Meter--GHM) with thermal-extraction method, solid samples are analyzed directly without complex pretreatment. The organic pollutants in the condensates of vent-pipes of diesel vehicle are detected quantitatively and qualitatively. Result shows the residues of so-calied 'black carbon' absorbed on the internal surface of exhaust pipes consist of complex components. Besides inorganic components, about 0.8～13% organic contaminants exist in the residues. The characteristics of the normal alkanes that consist mainly of wax components of higher carbon number (C_(20)～C_(25)) in the condensates are obviously different from those of the normal alkanes in petroleum. Experimental results indicate that diesel vehicle indeed exist the phenomena of inadequacy combustion in the operating process and some heavy organic compounds are kept in the vent-pipes, which may result in fuel wasting and exhaust pipe jamming after running for a long time. Furthermore, these severe toxicity and fat-dissolved contaminants will bring about a series of serious pollution to human health and entironment.