First complete seasonal variation study of the 3D optical turbulence above San Pedro Martir Observatory

摘要

The first complete seasonal variation study extended over 1 year (～ 80 nights uniformly distributed along twelve months) of all the principal astroclimatic parameters (C_N~2 , seeing ε , wavefront coherence time τ_O, isoplanatic angle θ_0, scintillation rate σ_I~2 , isoplanatic angle for the MCAO θ_M - where M is the number of the deformable mirrors DMs - M=1,2,3 ,...) simulated with an atmospherical model (Meso-Nh) above the San Pedro Martir Observatory is presented. The atmospherical model run in an autonomous way to simulate C_N~2 and wind speed vertical profiles (over ～ 20 km) related to the 80 nights after it has been calibrated with the support of a few C_N~2 measurements. All the integrated parameters are calculated using these two basic elements and general seasonal trends are put in evidence. The impact of our results on the adaptive optics techniques (AO) is discussed as well as the potentialities of the numerical simulations as a new tool for the climatologic analysis of the optical turbulence above astronomical sites.