The allocation of underutilized spectrum from primary users to secondary users in real time is likely the most promising avenue for advancing efficiency of spectrum use given the ever-increasing demand for transmission. Research in this area has focused on auctions to facilitate the distribution of spectrum, inducing truthful reporting by participants. However, most research has assumed a static or partially dynamic setting. These approaches are unable to capture that spectrum becomes available at random intervals as primary users' needs vary across time; and, similarly, secondary users' needs vary over time. Moreover, frequently there is flexibility regarding the time of transmission - with some transmissions being more urgent and time-sensitive than others. Therefore, existing research cannot be directly applied to such auction environments involving users with variable transmission deadlines, while preserving efficiency and truthfulness. In this work, we design SOADE, a strategyproof online auction mechanism in dynamic environments that considers dynamic arrival of bidders with varying transmission deadlines and dynamic availability of spectrum. SOADE builds on a priority function that determines the rank of a bidder of winning spectrum at an auction considering its valuation, deadline, and uncertainty associated with dynamic arrival of bidders and spectrum availability. We analytically prove that SOADE is truthful and ex ante and ex post individually rational. Finally, we perform numerical simulation to demonstrate the efficiency of SOADE and show that it improves auction revenue compared to prior work.
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