BIO-FUELS PRODUCTION THROUGH CO-PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS SOLID WASTE: A REVIEW

摘要

There are abundant sources of biomass solid wastes, for example, agriculture and industrial wastes that can be further utilized as renewable sources of energy. This can be done through the implementation of pyrolysis technique - the thermochemical conversion process of carbonaceous solid wastes into liquid, gas and solid products which may be used as alternative fuels or value-added materials. However, direct pyrolysis sometimes is not suitable especially for biomass with high moisture and ash content which requires upgrading. Hence, Co-pyrolysis which involves more than one feedstock at a time is expected to be able to improve the characteristics of bio-fuels, such as reduced oxygenated compounds, increased bio-oil yield and better calorific value. In this review, the main aim is to summarize recent evolution of copyrolysis research to investigate the principles and parameters affecting the process in the reactor as well as the yield and quality of the co-pyrolytic products. The parameters include feedstock, blending ratio, heating rate, temperature and type of reactor. This paper also considers the synergetic effect existing in co-pyrolysis through the extent of contact between feedstock and their effect on bio-fuels production. Catalytic co-pyrolysis as an emerging technique for high grade bio-oil will also be reviewed.