The Ohio River Bridges East End Crossing Tunnel is the largest twin tube highway tunnel in the US, 55-ft wide by 30-ft tall, constructed by sequential excavation method. Geologic units along the tunnel profile include karstic limestone, shale, and dolomite. Tunnel final lining support types were predetermined during early design phase and confirmed or adjusted/redesigned based on actual ground condition mapped in the field. This paper presents rationales in selecting the tunnel final lining design approaches, its associated rock load and groundwater load derivations, design details to meet service life requirement, and lining support type selection process during construction.
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