Owing to their unique combination of high energy and power density, lithium-ion batteries are now the state-of-the-art energy storage technology for powering small consumer electronics and increasingly also for large-scale applications like electric vehicles. Yet, especially for the latter, there is a growing need for batteries that can provide not only high energy densities, but also the possibility to be rapidly recharged. This is challenging for the currently used graphite anodes, since its low lithiation potential (～0.1 V vs. Li/Li~+) in combination with the sluggish lithium transport across the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and within the graphite structure can lead to lithium plating and dendrite formation during fast charging, particularly at low temperatures.
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