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Influence of Cement Type on G_o of a Carbonate Sand

机译:水泥型对碳酸盐沙子G_o的影响

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A new setup was developed to enable measurement of shear (V_s) and compression (V_p) wave velocities (and hence G_o and Mo) under K_o conditions for reconstituted geomaterials. Any of V_s or V_p may be measured from elastic waves propagating either horizontally or vertically. The system has two particular advantages for horizontally propagating waves. First, the shear wave transducers accessed the sample externally. Second, they can be rotated in the vertical plane, so that V_s can be measured in any skew plane. The setup was used to investigate the influence of cement type on the small-strain stiffness of a carbonate sand, treated with four different cementing agents, namely calcite, Portland cement, gypsum and epoxy. The aspects investigated due to the cementation were: (1) the overall evolution of G_o, (2) the shear stiffness anisotropy, and (3) the influence of vertical stress (δ_v) on G_o. The study shows that the type of cement can have a substantial effect on the stiffness anisotropy. For example while the calcite removed the initial stiffness anisotropy of the untreated soil, both Portland cement and epoxy reversed the stiffness anisotropy; and the gypsum cement increased the initial stress-induced anisotropy. These findings have important implications in modeling naturally or artificially cemented soils.
机译:开发了一种新的设置,以便在K_O条件下实现剪切(V_S)和压缩(V_P)波速度(以及因此G_O和MO)以进行重构的造型的地造物。可以从水平或垂直传播的弹性波来测量任何V_S或V_P。该系统具有两个特定的水平传播波的优点。首先,剪切波传感器在外部访问样品。其次,它们可以在垂直平面中旋转,从而可以在任何偏斜平面中测量V_S。该设置用于研究水泥型对碳酸盐砂的小应变刚度的影响,用四种不同的胶结剂,即方解石,波特兰水泥,石膏和环氧树脂处理。由于胶结而研究的各方面是:(1)G_O,(2)剪切刚度各向异性的总体演变,以及(3)垂直应力(ΔV)对G_O的影响。该研究表明,水泥的类型可以对刚度各向异性具有显着影响。例如,虽然方解石去除了未处理的土壤的初始刚度各向异性,但波特兰水泥和环氧树脂都逆转了刚度各向异性;并且石膏水泥增加了初始应激诱导的各向异性。这些发现对天然或人工化的土壤建模具有重要意义。

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