Large-sky-area multiobject fiber spectroscopic telescope (LAMOST) and its key technology

摘要

The optical system of LAMOST is a special reflecting Schmidt system. It has an aperture of 4 m, f ratio of 5 and a 5$DGR field of view. The main optical axis is fixed on the meridian plane and tilted 25$DGR to the horizontal from south to north. The celestial objects were observed for 1.5 hours when they pass through the meridian. The reflecting Schmidt plane, M$-A$/, and the spherical mirror, M$-B$/, are segmented mirrors. M$-B$/ is fixed on the foundation. The shape of the reflecting Schmidt plate has to be changed with different declination $delta and in the tracking process. This is achieved with active optics. About 4000 optical fibers are planed to put on the focal surface. Some key technologies for LAMOST have been studied and presented in this paper: the calculation and testing method for thin mirror and segmented mirror active optics; the preliminary calculation and the experiment for active optics; the simulated calculation for optical image quality in 1.5 hours observation; a preliminary design of the alt-azimuth mounting and tracking system of M$-A$/.