New approach to assessment of influence of climatic temperatures on working capacity of KAMAZ trucks in the North

摘要

Intensity and conditions of operation affect working capacity of machinery operated in a cryolithozone. These factors change significantly during a calendar year. Irregularity of the intensity of the operation of vehicles during the year is associated with seasonal changes of the road conditions (the seasonal impassable roads, absence of crossings on rivers during freeze-up and ice drifts, the ice roads). Variability of the operating conditions is associated with a sharply continental climate of the North. Extreme climatic impacts on the machinery determine characteristics of behavior of various physical processes in machines, change loading of their elements and systems and ultimately cause their failures. A work purpose is a mathematical modeling of the failures of parts and assembly units of KAMAZ trucks to predict their working capacity under influence of low climatic temperatures of the North. On the basis of system analysis of information of a database "Northern Machinery", the parts and assembly units of the systems were identified that limit reliability of the KAMAZ trucks under the conditions of the North. For these elements, distributions of the failures were studied depending on the climatic factors. Mathematical models of regularities of the influence of the climatic factors on a relative number of the failures of the KAMAZ truck elements were built. Using the obtained models of the influence of the climatic factors on the working capacity of the trucks in the North, it is possible to develop a method of planning of their maintenance and repair taking into account the seasonal change of the conditions and intensity of the operation.