Energy efficiency is attracting greater attention in India, and because of the urgency to reduce energy use rapidly and with limited resources, energy efficiency (EE) efforts need to be targeted to achieve the largest reduction. The first step in such targeting is an assessment of the potential savings from various EE measures. We assess the technical saving potential assuming all new purchases of appliances in Indian households for a five year period (2009-13) are of the most efficient models available in the Indian market. We use a diverse set of data sources – national sample surveys for appliance ownership, manufacturers associations data for production and growth projections, and sample energy consumption studies. Our calculations show that replacing incandescent bulbs with CFLs and tube-lights with EE models and shifting to the most energy efficient models for all other appliances for all future sales can result in annual savings of about 57 TWh in 2013 which is a reduction of about 30% from a BAU scenario. Retrofitting of lights accounts for about half the saving while ceiling fans, TVs, refrigerators, and reduction in stand-by power account for another 40% of the savings in households. Selecting a longer time period for the study and including new developments in EE could increase the estimate significantly. Not all this technical potential is achievable. Further work is needed to determine the cost-effective (economic) potential and achievable potential from the estimate of technical potential.
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