Energy Savings and Marginal Emissions Factor Approach to Emissions Reductions from Household Appliance Efficiency Improvements.

摘要

he goal of this thesis is to estimate the total emissions avoided from replacing residential lighting and air conditioning with more energy efficient versions, while showing that the marginal emissions factor (MEF) approach to estimating these avoided emissions tends to be a more accurate method than the average emissions factor (AEF) approach. This thesis is the first to use MEFs to analyze emissions avoided from household energy efficiency improvements. This approach considers emissions avoided from the last power plant that would have been dispatched to meet demand, in contrast to the more commonly used AEF approach that considers emissions avoided from all the plants in the area.;This paper provides quantifiable results that indicate the amount of energy saved by the appliance efficiency improvement, the cost savings for the utilities on the margin, the cost savings for the consumer, and the emissions avoided in terms of CO2, SO2, and NOx using both the MEF and AEF methods. These results provide data that is of concern for many different stakeholders, including utilities, consumers, society, and the environment.;The results of the lighting analysis indicate that it's economical for all households in the U.S. to upgrade their lightbulbs to LEDs. Depending on location, a household can save