Composite Intermediate Bulk Containers (CIBCs): Understanding Risks Emerging Fire Code Issues

摘要

The use of Composite Intermediate Bulk Containers (CIBCs) for the storage and handling of Combustible Liquids has introduced significant fire risks into storage, handling, and transportation operations. Beginning with the sentinel research work conducted by the UK Health & Safety Executive in the mid-2000s, continued research and educational efforts have resulted in improved understanding of the fire risk controls required to manage CIBC hazards. Several large loss fires involving CIBCs continue to demonstrate remaining challenges with adequately managing this hazard. NFPA 30 (Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code) serves as the foundation for flammable and combustible liquid regulation in the United States. New requirements to manage CIBC fire risks have been established in NFPA 30 (2018) requiring the use of listed and labeled CIBCs with Class II and IIIA liquids. Simple evaluation flowcharts are provided to identify allowable storage configurations that are permitted by NFPA 30 (2018) for CIBC storage. Historically, the management of pool fire risks presented by rapid failure of CIBCs in fire scenarios has focused on the design of containers to resist the heat exposure from fire, ultimately preventing catastrophic failure. New approaches to drainage system design have entered the market and insurance company approval standards, which provide additional possibilities for limiting pool fire size. Ultimately, this may provide an additional method for fire risk management of CIBCs.