Transborder Movements of Borderland People in Indonesia - Papua New Guinea (Case Study: Iwur District, Pegunungan Bintang Regency)

摘要

The border area between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) is mostly defined based on geographic coordinates without considering cultural boundaries, which has resulted in high intensity of interaction and trans-border movements in the area. Trans-border movements in the border area of Indonesia and PNG, specifically in Pegunungan Bintang Regency border area, are classified as illegal movements. This is due to lack of border area facilities to accommodate these movements. There are varieties of purposes of trans-border movements in this area, which are classified into 4 categories. They are economic purposes, cultural purposes, social purposes, and political purposes. Circular or temporary movement is a trans-border movement category based on the maximum of 6 months of stay in the destination country. There are three factors that influence the borderlanders on conducting trans-border movements, namely individual characteristics factors, social-economy factors, and cultural factors. The movements are mostly conducted for economic purposes in addition to the influence of individual characteristics factors.