How and Why the Batteries in the Sectors of Photovoltaics and Electric Vehicles Could Have Impact on the Society

摘要

The batteries in the energy sector are applied in electric vehicles and photovoltaic plants in the last two decades. Although batteries have shown their usefulness in the electric vehicles and photovoltaic plants, there are still several issues that need to be solved and analyzed, such as the high costs of materials for batteries manufacturing, and constraints for the large scale implementation of batteries on the mentioned fields. This paper investigates the impacts of batteries on environment protection, oil and gas industry, and utilities, or simply the influence on the society. These impacts are the reduction of CO2, NOx, SOx, and particulate matters, redirected mining industry, new utility paradigm, reduced oil and gas imports in the EU, and new regulatory framework for the industries.