Change of Physical State of Agrosoils under Irrigation

摘要

The physical condition of agricultural soils is the main characteristic of their stability in relation to anthropogenic activities. One of the main reasons that have a serious impact on the physical condition of agricultural soils and are formed on their agrocenosis is their artificial irrigation. The authors of the scientific work examined in the field the physical condition of variation depending on the irrigation of saline or freshwater agrosoils in the South of West Siberia. The reason for the transformation of the physical condition of irrigated chestnuts agrosoils is the change process due to the sulphate irrigation waters. The transformation of the physical condition of non-mineral irrigation waters (0.3-0.4 g/l of salts) was studied using ordinary and leached chernozem. The additional moistening of agrosoils appeared in an increase in the power of the humus horizon, reduction in the depth of the carbonate horizon and appearance of a micellar form of carbonates. On the grounds of investigated transformation of the studied physical condition of irrigated agrosoils, the measures of meliorative and agrotechnical nature are offered, which will allow one to receive on the average 60-65 t/ha of green mass of corn, 10-13 t/ha of Lucerne hay without essential decrease in fertility of irrigated agrosoils, that will influence an increase of food safety of the region.